Suchergebnisse

Two questions concerning enjoyment of work included in a 1955 US Gallup Poll were reexamined in a 1980 national survey (also conducted by the Gallup Organization) to gauge the net change during a quarter of a century. Responses of full-time employees (N not specified) indicated that enjoyment of work was substantially lower in 1980 than in 1955; the difference was especially great for manual workers, Protestants, & older persons. A tentative conclusion drawn from examining trend data for one birth cohort is that the change resulted from cohort succession & from orientations & attitudes that members of younger cohorts brought to their work, rather than from changes in work conditions that affected workers of all ages & in all birth cohorts. Some implications of the findings are discussed. 4 Tables. Modified AA.

Criticism of higher education has focused on its failure to produce expected economic rewards; whether noneconomic benefits or costs are of significant size has not been considered. Data from the 1973-1978 General Social Surveys on 1,400 white Ms & 1,673 white Fs & 130 black Ms & 147 black Fs, all aged 25-54, are used to estimate the effects of years of school completed on 8 dimensions of psychological well-being. Estimates are provided for effects of SE variables, family situation, & f of attendance at religious services. Little evidence is found for negative effects; the only statistically significant negative effect is between education & satisfaction with community for white Ms. Education appears to have positive effects in all subpopulations except black Ms, the strongest being for white Fs. Greater effects are found from 4 years of high school than from 4 years of Coll. Mothers' education may have an important effect on offsprings' psychological well-being. 5 Tables, Appendix. Modified HA.

The findings of this research comparing reported & actual data reveal wide variations in the degree of accuracy with which R's report their date of birth, salary, & seniority date. The salary variations were so significant that extreme care should be exercised in the use of these data. This pattern of variation raises doubt that invalidity is a generalized phenomenon; it is strongly suggested that it is specialized, thus adding to the evidence in the theory or response error that the direction & magnitude of inaccurate responses are structurally associated with the characteristics of R's. 6 Tables. AA.