Suchergebnisse

Journal editorials are an important medium for communicating information about medical innovations. Evaluative statements contained in editorials pertain to the innovation's technical merits, as well as its probable economic, social and political, and ethical consequences. This information will either promote or impede the subsequent diffusion of innovations. This paper analyzes the evaluative information contained in thirty editorials that pertain to the topic of computer-assisted decision making (CDM). Most editorials agree that CDM technology is effective and economical in performing routine clinical tasks; controversy surrounds the use of more sophisticated CDM systems for complex problem solving. A few editorials argue that the innovation should play an integral role in transforming the established health care system. Most, however, maintain that it can or should be accommodated within the existing health care framework. Finally, while few editorials discuss the ethical ramifications of CDM technology, those that do suggest that it will contribute to more humane health care. The editorial analysis suggests that CDM technology aimed at routine clinical task will experience rapid diffusion. In contrast, the diffusion of more sophisticated CDM systems will, in the foreseeable future, likely be sporadic at best.

This study explores variation in concern about professionalization among NCAA Division I baseball and basketball coaches. Questionnaires were sent to 100 baseball and 100 basketball coaches randomly selected from this population, 129 (65%) of whom responded. Basketball coaches were more inclined to show concern about professionalization than were baseball coaches. Also, older, more experienced baseball coaches showed more concern about professionalization than younger, less experienced coaches; this relationship did not hold for a subsample of basketball coaches, and we offer reasons for this. Finally, coaches who place greater off-field demands on athletes are more likely to show concern about professionalization. Based on this evidence, we conclude that, far from reflecting differences in personalities of coaches, the variation in coaches' concern about professionalization suggests underlying differences in the structure of recruiting in the two sports and their evolution toward the professional model.

How realistic are media portrayals of radical, "homegrown" Islamic terrorists filling US prisons? With prisons a fertile recruiting ground for Islam, what impact does the religion have on life behind bars? Muslims in US Prisons systematically explores the cultural, legal, political, and religious issues shaping the Muslim prison experience. The authors probe the topic from the perspectives of both prisoners and the criminal justice system. In the process, they illuminate larger issues of race and imprisonment, inmate culture, and rehabilitation. The result is a revealing look at an often sensationalized but understudied population