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Misperception and War
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 10, Heft 4, S. 399-409
ISSN: 1532-7949
Misperception and War
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 10, Heft 4, S. 399-409
ISSN: 1078-1919
The author examines 10 instances of war from the past century that were characterized by problematic misperceptions: demonizing the enemy, rationalizing one's own hostile behavior, & underestimating the strength of the enemy. He concludes that empathy can be an effective antidote to misperceptions that lead to unnecessary international conflict. 7 References. Adapted from the source document.
Psychological aspects of the Kosova crisis
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 49-55
ISSN: 1532-7949
Psychological aspects of the Kosova crisis
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 49-55
ISSN: 1078-1919
Examines NATO's entry into the Kosovo conflict, objective and psychological factors behind the Serbian expulsion of Albanians from Kosovo, and arguments for and against NATO's intervention.
American acts of force: Results and misperceptions
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 4, Heft 2, S. 93-128
ISSN: 1532-7949
Why the Serbs fought: Motives and misperceptions
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 2, Heft 2, S. 109-128
ISSN: 1532-7949
A Response to Philip Tetlock's Critique
In: Political psychology: journal of the International Society of Political Psychology, Band 16, Heft 3, S. 663
ISSN: 1467-9221
When does intervention make sense?
In: Peace and conflict: journal of peace psychology ; the journal of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association, Band 1, Heft 1, S. 85-95
ISSN: 1532-7949
Empathizing with Saddam Hussein
In: Political psychology: journal of the International Society of Political Psychology, Band 12, Heft 2, S. 291
ISSN: 1467-9221
Why Aggressors Lose
In: Political psychology: journal of the International Society of Political Psychology, Band 11, Heft 2, S. 227
ISSN: 1467-9221
Empathy as an intelligence tool
In: International journal of intelligence and counterintelligence, Band 1, Heft 1, S. 57-75
ISSN: 1521-0561
Empathizing with the Rulers of the USSR
In: Political psychology: journal of the International Society of Political Psychology, Band 4, Heft 1, S. 121
ISSN: 1467-9221
Propaganda: Morally Questionable and Morally Unquestionable Techniques
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 398, Heft 1, S. 26-35
ISSN: 1552-3349
The prevailing confusion as to what kinds of persuasion are morally legitimate has two unfortunate conse quences: persuaders can be subtly deceptive without realizing it, and they can lean over backward to avoid the stigma of "propaganda." It is useful to compare the words persuasion and propaganda and to recognize that they differ only in the evil overtones of the latter. Five forms of persuasion, or elements in it, seem inherently legitimate: (1) getting and keeping attention; (2) getting and keeping rapport; (3) building credibility, as in Hovland's two- sided approach; (4) appealing to strong motives, including "emotions"; (5) action involvement. Five forms seem morally questionable, if not wrong: (1) lying; (2) innuendo; (3) pre senting opinion as fact; (4) deliberate omission; (5) implied obviousness. Most of the questionable methods can be used "innocently" in the sense that those who use them are deceiving themselves as well as others. But self-deception itself is a sign of weak ness, or worse, if no real effort is made to counteract it.
PROPAGANDA: MORALLY QUESTIONABLE AND MORALLY UNQUESTIONABLE TECHNIQUES
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 398, S. 26-35
ISSN: 0002-7162
The prevailing confusion as to what kinds of persuasion are morally legitimate has 2 unfortunate consequences: persuaders can be subtly deceptive without realizing it, & they can lean over backward to avoid the stigma of 'propaganda.' It is useful to compare the words persuasion & propaganda, & to recognize that they differ only in the evil overtones of the latter. 5 forms of persuasion, or elements in it, seem inherently Legitimate: (1) getting & keeping attention; (2) getting & keeping rapport, (3) building credibility, as in C. L Hovland's 2-sided approach, (4) appealing to strong motives, including 'emotions'; & (5) action involvement. 5 forms seem morally questionable, if not wrong: (A) lying; (B) innuendo; (C) presenting opinion as fact; (D) deliberate omission; & (E) implied obviousness. Most of the questionable methods can be used 'innocently' in the sense that those who use them are deceiving themselves as well as others. But self-deception itself is a sign of weakness, or worse, if no real effort is made to counteract it. HA.