Suchergebnisse

Abstract. Sustainable flood risk management encompasses the
implementation of nature-based solutions to mitigate flood risk. These
measures include the establishment of land use types with a high (e.g., forest patches) or low (e.g., sealed surfaces) water retention and
infiltration capacity at strategic locations in the catchment. This paper
presents an approach for assessing the relative impact of such land use
changes on economic flood damages and associated risk. This spatially
explicit approach integrates a reference situation, a flood damage model, and
a rainfall-runoff model considering runoff re-infiltration and propagation
to determine relative flood risk mitigation or increment related to the
implementation of land use change scenarios. The applicability of the
framework is illustrated for a 4800 ha undulating catchment in the region of
Flanders, Belgium, by assessing the afforestation of 187.5 ha (3.9 %), located
mainly in the valleys, and sealing of 187.5 ha, situated mainly at higher
elevations. These scenarios result in a risk reduction of 57 % (EUR 100 000) for the afforestation scenario and a risk increment of <1 %
(EUR ∼ 500) for the sealing scenario.

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. ; The Lived experience of climate change: interdisciplinary e-module development and virtual mobility project concerns education and lifelong learning in relation to climate change, to contribute to an informed and active European citizenry and to inform EU policy on this major challenge. Focusing on the lived experiences of climate change -- how individuals, communities and organisations conceive and respond to its perceived local impacts (e.g. extreme weather, biodiversity changes) – the project complements other work in the area. Through collaboration between nine participating institutions, designing innovative teaching modules and a virtual learning space, it aims to create a European community of scholars, students and citizens who collectively make a major contribution to the United Nations decade on education for sustainable development. This document contains "The Lived Experience of Climate Change: Water case study on the Nile and Rhine river basins".

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and calcium- dependent signaling pathways play well-established roles during plant innate immunity. Chloroplasts host major biosynthetic pathways and have central roles in energy production, redox homeostasis, and retrograde signaling. However, the organelle's importance in immunity has been somehow overlooked. Recent findings suggest that the chloroplast also has an unanticipated function as a hub for ROS- and calcium-signaling that affects immunity responses at an early stage after pathogen attack. In this opinion article, we discuss a chloroplastic calcium-ROS signaling branch of plant innate immunity. We propose that this chloroplastic branch acts as a light-dependent rheostat that, through the production of ROS, influences the severity of the immune response. ; S.S. is financially supported by FWO and, together with P.W., by a grant from the Ghent University Special Research Fund (grant 01J11311). This work was supported by the Ghent University Multidisciplinary Research Partnership "Ghent BioEconomy" (01MRB510W), the Belgian Science Policy Office (IAP7/29). P.K. and M.T. are supported by grants from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF project P 25359-B21) and the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (ITN CALIPSO, GA 2013-607607). N.S.C. is supported by funding from the European Union Marie Curie Actions (IIF-331392) and the Ministerio de Economía of the Spanish Government (AGL2010-21870). ; Peer reviewed