Suchergebnisse

Intro -- War of the Millennium -- About the Author -- Dedication -- Copyright Information © -- Acknowledgment -- Chapter 1 A Strange Night -- Chapter 2 Birth of a New Star -- Chapter 3 Rising and Falling Stars -- Chapter 4 Dark Shadows -- Chapter 5 Dragon Awakens -- Chapter 6 A Graduation and Promotion -- Chapter 7 Star Enlarges -- Chapter 8 Falcons Hatching -- Chapter 9 Watched from Afar -- Chapter 10 A New Wind Emerges -- Chapter 11 Ruling the Nest -- Chapter 12 Stolen Feathers -- Chapter 13 Change at the Top and a Surge from the North -- Chapter 14 Earning and Getting New Wings -- Chapter 15 Dragon and Bear Embrace -- Chapter 16 Political Tsunami -- Chapter 17 Without Warning -- Chapter 18 Futile Resistance and Rapid Responses -- Chapter 19 Innocence of Youth -- Chapter 20 Clashes and Counter-Clashes -- Chapter 21 A 'Reboot' -- Chapter 22 Inquisition, Cold Play and Dangerous Toys -- Chapter 23 New Realities and Responses -- Chapter 24 Sparks + Powder Keg = Explosion -- Chapter 25 Awakening -- Chapter 26 Charlie Horse Down -- Chapter 27 Reactions and Repercussions -- Chapter 28 Continuing Forward into the Abyss -- List of Characters.

MD density relative to the general population is only weakly linked statistically to outcome based measures of health. This paradox has received considerable attention from health planners. However, the linkage is stronger than apparent, given a carefully specified statistical model. This is illustrated for neonatal mortality--a single case type--to avoid effects from aggregation. Statistical analysis for various states & years shows highly significant correlations between health in this particular case & MD density. Thus, it can be speculated that failure to correct for differences in case severity, taken into account in obtaining this r, & variations in sample errors, may have been responsible for previous findings. Even if absolute impact from increased MD density is small, the higher cost of preventive programs may imply that continuing high support for MD services may be optimal as a health policy. 5 Tables. Modified HA.

A method for estimating long‐term exposures from short‐term measurements is validated using data from a recent EPA study of exposure to fine particles. The method was developed a decade ago but long‐term exposure data to validate it did not exist until recently. In this article, exposure data from repeated visits to 37 persons over 1 year (up to 28 measurements per person) are used to test the model. Both fine particle mass and elemental concentrations measured indoors, outdoors, and on the person are examined. To provide the most stringent test of the method, only two single‐day distributions are randomly selected for each element to predict the long‐term distributions. The precision of the method in estimating the long‐term geometric mean and geometric standard deviation appears to be of the order of 10%, with no apparent bias. The precision in estimating the 99th percentile ranges from 19% to 48%, again without obvious bias. The precision can be improved by selecting a number of pairs of single‐day distributions instead of just one pair. Occasionally, the method fails to provide an estimate for the long‐term distribution. In that case, a repeat of the random selection procedure can provide an estimate. Although the method assumes a log‐normal distribution, most of the distributions tested failed the chi‐square test for log‐normality. Therefore, the method appears suitable for application to distributions that depart from log‐normality.

•This is one of the first studies to examine correlation of age of first use of energy drinks and future maximal consumption.•Study examines a military population which has previously shown high prevalence of energy drink consumption.•Results suggest that early onset of energy drink consumption can predict future single-occasion, high quantity consumption.

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other federal agencies face a number of challenges in interpreting and reconciling short-duration (seconds to minutes) readings from mobile and handheld air sensors with the longer duration averages (hours to days) associated with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the criteria pollutants-particulate matter (PM), ozone, carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. Similar issues are equally relevant to the hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) where chemical-specific health effect reference values are the best indicators of exposure limits; values which are often based on a lifetime of continuous exposure. A multi-agency, staff-level Air Sensors Health Group (ASHG) was convened in 2013. ASHG represents a multi-institutional collaboration of Federal agencies devoted to discovery and discussion of sensor technologies, interpretation of sensor data, defining the state of sensor-related science across each institution, and provides consultation on how sensors might effectively be used to meet a wide range of research and decision support needs. ASHG focuses on several fronts: improving the understanding of what hand-held sensor technologies may be able to deliver; communicating what hand-held sensor readings can provide to a number of audiences; the challenges of how to integrate data generated by multiple entities using new and unproven technologies; and defining best practices in communicating health-related messages to various audiences. This review summarizes the challenges, successes, and promising tools of those initial ASHG efforts and Federal agency progress on crafting similar products for use with other NAAQS pollutants and the HAPs. NOTE: The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessary represent the opinions of their Federal Agencies or the US Government. Mention of product names does not constitute endorsement.