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Among Catholics, there is little controversy over theological and doctrinal matters. However, the teaching au thority of the church, the magisterium, extends to the applica tion of Christian, natural-law ideas to social questions. The social encyclicals are general and their application to specific situations is within the authority of the bishops. It is here, especially, that Catholics become divided between liberals and conservatives. Ever since the establishment of the organized American church, Catholics have accepted the American sys tem of separation of religion and politics, but there has been controversy on particular matters. Catholics have favored the liberty of parochial schools and, ultimately, auxiliary benefits to the Catholic school child. Although the freedom of the artist is generally recognized, the Catholic defense of morality has ap proved more censorship of the mass media than liberals ordi narily approve. Catholics are divided in the defense and criti cism of the free market, though it would seem to be clear that most Catholic opinion does not consider the American economy in violation of the social encyclicals. Liberal Catholics are critical of the competitive system, and conservatives believe that papal teaching is in accordance with the free-market system.

Among Catholics, there is little controversy over theological & doctrinal matters. However, the teaching authority of the church, the magisterium, extends to the application of Christian , natural-law ideas to soc questions. The soc encyclicals are general & their application to specific situations is within the authority of the bishops It is here, esp, that Catholics become divided between liberals & conservatives. Ever since the establishment of the organized US church, Catholics have accepted the US system of separation of religion & pol, but there has been controversy on particular matters. Catholics have favored the liberty of parochial Sch's &, ultimately, auxiliary benefits to the Catholic Sch child. Though the freedom of the artist is generally recognized, the Catholic defense of morality has approved more censorship of the MM than liberals ordinarily approve. Catholics are divided in the defense & criticism of the free market, though it would seem to be clear that most Catholic opinion does not consider the US economy in violation of the soc encyclicals. Liberal Catholics are critical of the competitive system, & conservatives believe that papal teaching is in accordance with the free-market system. AA.

Juan Donoso Cortés, the Marqués de Valdegamas, died in Paris on May 3, 1853. For four and a half years he had been recognized as one of the most controversial and best-known critics of the European revolutionary movement, as a defender of the Catholic Church against Liberal and revolutionary criticism, and as one of the most able parliamentary orators and diplomats of the time. A few years after his death his name was all but forgotten. A hundred years later, in 1953, there was an extensive revival of interest in his work in Western Europe, and the lectures given about him and the books and articles published in Spain, especially, form an impressive bibliography. Though in his day he was regarded by many as a Cassandra, Europeans immersed in crisis in the twentieth century have not been so certain that he was no prophet.