Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Title page -- CIP data -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Part I_An Introduction to HACCP -- Chapter 1_History and Overview of HACCP -- HACCP Predecessors -- HACCP and the Space Program -- Application of HACCP to Other Industries -- Moving to a Comprehensive Food Safety and Management System -- Chapter 2_Prerequisite Programs -- Evolution of Prerequisite Programs -- Types of Prerequisite Programs -- Chemical Control -- Microbiological Control -- Chapter 3_Other Food Systems Support Programs -- Product Traceability and Recall -- Crisis Management -- Food Defense and Facility Design -- Environmental Control and Monitoring -- Chapter 4_Tasks for HACCP Plan Development -- Assessing the Need for a HACCP Plan -- Preliminary Tasks for HACCP Plan Development -- Establishing the Prerequisite Program -- Part II_Principles of HACCP -- Chapter 5_Principle #1-Conduct Hazard Analysis -- Purpose of Hazard Analysis -- Types of Hazard -- Conducting a Hazard Analysis -- Documentation and Ongoing Efforts -- Chapter 6_Principle #2-Determine Critical Control Points -- Distinguishing Between Critical Control Points and Control Points -- Common Sources of Critical Control Points -- Identifying Critical Control Points -- Documenting Critical Control Points -- Chapter 7_Principle #3-Establish Critical Limits -- What are Critical Limits? -- Establishing Critical Limits -- Establishing Operational Limits -- Chapter 8_Principle #4-Establish Monitoring Procedures -- What is Monitoring? -- Collecting Data -- Recording Data -- Continuous Versus Intermittent Monitoring -- Determining Monitoring Points -- Qualifications of the Person Collecting the Data -- Chapter 9_Principle #5-Establish Corrective Action Procedures -- What is Corrective Action? -- Goals of Corrective Action -- Corrective Action Plans.

Social media has put mass communication in the hands of normal people on an unprecedented scale, and has also given social scientists the tools necessary to listen to the voices of everyday people around the world. This book gives social scientists the skills necessary to leverage that opportunity, and transform social media's vast stream of information into social science data. The book combines the big data techniques of computer science with social science methodology. Intended as a text for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers in the social sciences, this book provides a methodological pathway for scholars who want to make use of this new and evolving source of data. It provides a framework for building one's own data collection and analysis infrastructure, a toolkit of content analysis, geographic analysis, and network analysis, and meditations on the ethical implications of social media data.

The Handbook on Democracy and Security offers an insightful new interpretation of the topic that reframes the contemporary challenge of democracy away from competing ideologies or external existential threats, and centres on the security of democracy in the minds and lived experience of its citizens. With a global focus, it provides a cutting edge understanding of contemporary developments in democratic breakdown, investigating the role of new media, social media and the internet. Expert contributors explore how democracy is affected by the resurgence of populism, terrorism and migration alongside the decline of independent mass media and associated conspiracy theories. The Handbook further argues that the security of government by the people is best understood through the security of people and examines the analysis of democratic security.

We develop a method for measuring a legislator's partisanship using their Twitter rhetoric. To do so, we classify over 2.1 million tweets sent during two congressional terms (2015 through 2018) to determine how often members use explicitly partisan language. Since lawmakers are strategic in how they communicate with the public, we argue our approach captures a member's partisan intensity, the time and effort they devote to supporting their party. After validating our measure, we examine how partisanship affects commonly studied legislative behaviors. We show it predicts, independent of ideology, a lawmaker's party‐unity voting and expressed bipartisanship. Additionally, we find that presidential support is principally driven by partisanship, not ideology. Our findings offer two contributions. First, we show that a member's partisanship, based on how they talk about Democrats and Republicans online, is associated with their legislative behavior. Second, we measure a concept that is difficult to operationalize.

This article introduces centrality in covoting networks as a measure of influence. Based on a simple cueing dynamic, it conceptualizes those lawmakers as most central—and thus as having the greatest signaling influence—who impact the greatest number of colleagues' voting decisions. A formal proof and an agent‐based simulation show that cue‐providers are always more central than followers; hence, we can use real‐world voting data to identify the most influential legislators. To confirm the measure's construct validity, we predict covoting centrality in the European Parliament and find those factors that are expected to impact legislators' influence to predict their centrality.

This study explores the relationship between caregiver confirmation and children's attachment security during the transition to kindergarten. Caregiver-child dyads ( N = 50) read a story about the transition to school, caregivers responded to hypothetical child statements of concern regarding starting school, and caregivers completed the Attachment Q-Sort measure (Waters, 1995). Caregivers' behaviors during portions of the storybook task and their written responses to hypothetical child statements of concern were coded for verbal and nonverbal "confirmation as acceptance" and verbal "confirmation as challenge." Children's attachment security scores were produced from the Attachment Q-Sort. Caregivers' level of education moderated the association between caregiver confirmation as verbal and nonverbal acceptance and children's attachment security such that there was a positive association between confirmation and attachment security primarily for caregivers with low levels of formal education. Implications for the literatures on confirmation, attachment, and the transition to school are discussed.