Suchergebnisse

A workstation‐based system for materials planning is intended to
complement a host‐based materials‐planning system, thereby leading to a
multi‐level system that combines fully detailed planning procedures with
"aggregate" decision support capabilities. Planning objects
as well as planning procedures are formulated within the relational
database frame‐work. By that means, at execution time the database
management system guarantees processing efficiency as well as
consistency control. After a short characterisation of the
state‐of‐the‐art of database utilisation in conventional materials
planning, a set of requirements which have to be met by the proposed
approach is formulated. Based on this, the suitability of the relational
database model as a framework for multi‐stage materials planning is
discussed. In particular, the integration of abstraction hierarchies is
emphasised and hierarchical planning procedures adopted from artificial
intelligence are integrated into the concept. Some examples adopted from
a prototype show that, at least for simple planning problems, it is
possible to achieve end‐user support at any level of detail when using a
relational database system for materials planning.

Klinische Pfade und andere patientennahe Prozesse werden oft als rein fachliche Themen erachtet, weil diese im Alltag primär die Arbeit der Ärzte, der Pflegenden und von weiteren Behandelnden direkt betreffen. Die Identifikation von Patienten bzw. das ganze davon abhängende Management von Informationen innerhalb der Patientenpfade wird wiederum häufig als alleinige Aufgabe der IT angesehen. Das Buch stellt diese fachlichen und technischen Ansätze in den breiteren Kontext der in den kommenden Jahren absehbaren Veränderungen des Gesundheitswesens sowie der sich daraus ergebenden Fragestellungen, welche insbesondere die Leistungserbringer des Gesundheitswesens beschäftigen und fordern werden. Die Fähigkeit, Prozesse patientenorientiert zu gestalten wird zu einem wesentlichen Erfolgsfaktor werden. Das methodische Herangehen an die damit zusammenhängenden Fragestellungen wird neben derjenigen der fachlichen und technischen Spezialisten auch die Aufmerksamkeit des Krankenhaus-Managements erfordern.

"Die Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA) hat seit dem Jahr 2003 einen grundlegenden und umfassenden Reformprozess von einer Behörde hin zu einem leistungsfähigen öffentlichen Dienstleister durchlaufen. Den Kern der Reform bildet das Konzept des 'New Public Management', also die Abkehr von der Inputsteuerung." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore project types (PTs) of business process management (BPM). PTs are a key concept to describe development situations in situational method engineering (SME). SME acts on the assumption that generic methods need to be adapted to the specifics of the development situation in which they are to be applied.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on results from an empirical analysis directed at the identification of design factors of and realization approaches to BPM. It extends an earlier study through the inclusion of new data points that allow for the derivation and characterization of PTs. To this end, multivariate data analysis techniques such as regression analysis, factor analysis, and cluster analysis are applied. Albeit inherently behavioral, the research described in the paper constitutes an important foundation for subsequent design research (DR) activities, in particular for the engineering of situational methods.FindingsThe analysis suggests that there are three major and two minor PTs that characterize development situations of BPM. The common ground of the three major PTs is that they are characterized by a common target state, in this paper denoted as individualist realization approach to BPM. When compared to other realization approaches, this approach is characterized by high maturity and high customization requirements for process management.Research limitations/implicationsThe gain in insight into the PTs of BPM is particularly useful for the engineering of situational methods aimed at the implementation and advancement of process‐oriented management within real‐world organizations. However, there are some research limitations/implications for further research: the empirical results are derived from a relatively small data set. The PTs identified in the present contribution therefore need further validation. In order to complete the proposed scenario structure for BPM, a taxonomy of complementary context types needs to be identified, too.Practical implicationsMany methods to support BPM or particular aspects thereof have been proposed and discussed. A major shortcoming of most of these methods is that they claim to be of universal validity. SME acts on the idea that there is no "one‐size‐fits‐all" method. Instead, generic methods need to be adapted to the specifics of the development situation in which they are to be applied. The proposed PTs represent a starting point to enable the engineering of situation methods for BPM.Originality/valueThe research results of this paper are useful for the construction of methods in the field of BPM which can be adapted to specific development situations.