Suchergebnisse

AbstractFocusing on soy sauce exports from Hong Kong to the United States, this article traces the origin of the 'Made in Hong Kong' label to the US-led embargo on Chinese goods during the Korean War and explores the repercussions the recent Sino-US conflict generated on the label. By examining the history of an enterprise embroiled in two episodes of global trade disruptions, this article reveals how politically motivated US trade policies steered businesses in Hong Kong to pursue commercial opportunities by leveraging geopolitics, both global and local. Strategically capitalizing on Hong Kong's position during the Cold War that allowed local exports to the United States, Hong Kong entrepreneurs created an international product chain. When the latest Sino-US trade war erupted, Trump's elimination of the distinction between China-made and Hong Kong-made exports coincided with a wave of local consumerism in Hong Kong and unintentionally imbued meaning into homegrown products. From a commercially expedient marker aimed at satisfying the US government's anti-China trade requirements, the 'Made in Hong Kong' label has recently been repurposed as a badge of local pride and perseverance as Hong Kong/mainland tension escalated. Necessitated by global trade policies and infused with connotations of shifting geopolitics, the malleable 'Made in Hong Kong' label signified not only reactions to US policies but also fluid Hong Kong/China relations. In successive rounds of US-initiated trade disruptions, the place-of-origin label reflected Hong Kong's changing place in global geopolitics and the city's position vis-à-vis the PRC.

AbstractThis article studies the process by which British politicians and corporate executives, in both Hong Kong and London, handled the colony's elevating economic status and negotiated its flagship carrier's penetration of international aviation networks. Through Cathay Pacific's extending reach, Hong Kong translated its economic success into an expanded presence in the world of commercial aviation. As the colonial government channeled Hong Kong's burgeoning financial prowess to fund an infrastructure upgrade, the colony's budding airline capitalized on the commercial availability of jumbo jets to leapfrog into the long-haul market. Such groundwork primed Hong Kong to take advantage of the opening skies as deregulation transformed the airline industry. As the colony's economy flourished, Cathay Pacific broke free from its regional configuration and arrived at faraway ports in Australia, North America, and Europe. The Hong Kong carrier's extended reach was but the material manifestation of the city's economic takeoff and growth into a global metropolis.

Cathay Pacific's shifting shareholder base underscores the dynamic interactions between the state and the market in an ever-changing geopolitical landscape. Focusing on its later transformation from a British airline, this article explores how Cathay Pacific refashioned its shareholding to respond to the shifting political climate of Hong Kong. In the protracted process through which Britain yielded jurisdictional power of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China, Cathay Pacific responded preemptively, first by enhancing its local profile, and then by appealing to economic nationalism of the sovereign state poised to take charge. The privately owned airline fashioned its corporate nationality in a bid to negotiate with political forces that affected its business development. The case of Cathay Pacific demonstrates how, in the absence of warfare, companies still need to mitigate political risks in a fluid geopolitical setting. By modifying its shareholding, Cathay Pacific crafted its corporate nationality, which proved instrumental in allaying political risks and managing business relationship with the state. The airline's strategy attests to its dexterity as well as the pliability of the notion of "corporate nationality," winning management the "license to operate"—legitimacy and state sponsorship—during a period of swift geopolitical shifts.

Chinese migrants fleeing from the incoming Qing regime assumed a range of political and economic positions as the Nguyễn court sought to extend its control to the south. A nuanced exploration of the historical experience of two powerful Chinese migrant families to Vietnam through their clan genealogies reveals two rather different paradigms — the Minh Hương paradigm and the Frontier paradigm. These paradigms reflect not only the Chinese migrants' varied, resourceful manoeuvres in their quest for a firm foothold in the evolving and expanding south, but equally, they demonstrate the Nguyễn court's flexibility in accommodating and capitalising on the strengths of different migrant groups it sought to incorporate into its realm.

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to broaden the understanding of the impact of tourism on local government expenditures. Specifically, a regression model is developed to examine the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between the degree of reliance of the local economy on tourism and local government expenditures. This study indicates that the degree of reliance of a local economy on tourism does have a statistically significant impact on the level of capital outlays, transportation, police protection, fire protection, corrections, parks and recreation, financial administration, and general government administration expenditures. This analysis indicates that the share of tourism in the local economy can influence expenditures on a variety of local government services, thus tourism should not be regarded as a totally costless instrument of economic development.

Introduction : Negotiating the legitimacy of governance / John Wong & Michael Ng -- Rule of law in Hong Kong history demythologised : student umbrella movement of 1919 / Michael Ng -- "Our best trump card" : a brief history of deportation in Hong Kong, 1857-1955 / Christopher Munn -- Exclusion as oppression : a quest for extra-legal status for Chinese medicine in colonial Hong Kong / Yu Xiu-ling -- How the 1967 riots changed Hong Kong's political landscape, with the repercussions still felt today / Gary Ka-wai Cheung -- "Flying MPs" and political changes in a colonial setting : political reform under MacLehose's governorship of Hong Kong / Lui Tai-lok -- Between two episodes of social unrest below the Lion Rock : from the 1967 riots to the Umbrella Movement of 2014 / John Wong -- Social movements and the law : the case of Hong Kong / Albert Chen -- Civil disobedience and the rule of law / Benny Tai -- From civil disobedience to institutional politics : conflict over the Public Order Ordinance in 2000 / Agnes Ku -- The artwork of Hong Kong's Occupy Central Movement / Marco Wan -- Who speaks for the Lion Rock? : the pro-Cantonese campaign (or lack thereof) in Hong Kong / Stephen Chu