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Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Part I: Natural Fertility -- 1. Introduction -- Natural Fertility -- The Human Reproductive Pattern -- Why the Emphasis on Females -- Notes -- Figures -- 2. Patterns of Natural Fertility -- Measures of Fertility -- Levels of Natural Fertility -- Intrapopulation Variation in Natural Fertility -- Patterns in Parity Progression Ratios -- The Age Pattern of Natural Fertility -- A Model of Natural Fertility and Fertility Control -- Summary -- Notes -- Figures -- 3. Frameworks for Analyzing the Determinants of Natural Fertility -- The Pace of Childbearing -- The Proximate Determinants of Fertility -- Bongaarts's Decomposition of the Proximate Determinants -- An Alternative Approach -- Analytical Issues in the Study of Birth-Interval Components -- Summary -- Notes -- Figures -- Part II: The Proximate Determinants of Natural Fertility -- 4. Ovarian Cycles and the Fertile Period -- Major Features of the Human Ovarian Cycle -- The Life Cycle of the Female Germ Cell -- Follicular Development and Ovulation -- Neuroendocrine Regulation of the Ovarian Cycle -- Intrapopulation Variation in Ovarian Cycles -- Interpopulation Variation in Ovarian Cycles -- Do Women in Natural-Fertility Populations 138 Experience Regular Ovarian Cycles -- The Fertile Period -- Notes -- Figures -- 5. Conception, Implantation, and Pregnancy -- The Sperm Cell and Spermatogenesis -- Fertilization -- Implantation and Embryogenesis -- The Endocrinology of Pregnancy -- The Physiological Costs of Pregnancy -- Parturition -- The Biometry of Pregnancy -- Notes -- Figures -- 6. Fetal Loss -- Sources of Data on Fetal Loss -- The Fertility-Reducing Effect of Fetal Loss -- The Expected Number of Fetal Deaths in Each Birth Interval

"This is a must-have book in Canadian military and social history, representing both fields at their very best. Wood sets the record straight on one of the most discussed but nonetheless little-known concepts in our history: the militia myth. For the first time, we have a real and compelling understanding of what was once demonized in our history ù the idea of being a citizen first and a soldier if necessary."ù Roch Legault, co-editor of Loyal Service: Perspectives on French-Canadian Military Leaders

En este texto, se explora la historia temprana del republicanismo en América Latina por el medio de los escritos de Francisco Bilbao, uno de los intelectuales radicales chilenos más importantes del siglo XIX. El pensamiento de Bilbao sobre la cuestión del cambio revolucionario fue fuertemente influenciado por su comprensión de la tradición revolucionaria republicana francesa. Examinamos las relaciones transatlánticas que dieron forma al pensamiento de Bilbao, el desarrollo del republicanismo chileno en las secuelas de la independencia política, y las Revoluciones Francesas de 1789 y 1848. Sostenemos que la "regeneración" de la república chilena se convirtió en una especie de misión histórica para Bilbao y su generación de estudiantes universitarios y jóvenes profesionales. Para llevar a cabo esta misión histórica, ellos se hicieron intermediarios entre la vanguardia del pensamiento político en el mundo Atlántico y las realidades sociales obstinadas de un Chile postcolonial. Además, mostramos cómo el radicalismo de Bilbao inspiraba un contraataque feroz por las autoridades eclesiásticas conservadores, indicando cómo la Iglesia Católica respondería a los desafíos futuros* Traducido del inglés por: José A. Bravo de Rueda, Profesor de Español Facultad de Estudios Liberales, Universidad Agrícola y Técnica del Estado de Carolina del Norte, EEUU.El presente artículo es una traducción, con cambios menores en el texto, de James A. Wood, «The republic regenerated: French and Chilean revolutions in the imagination of Francisco Bilbao, 1842-1851». En Atlantic Studies Volume 3, Issue 1, April 2006. pp. 7-23 ; This article explores the early history of republicanism in Latin America through the writings of Francisco Bilbao, one of Chile's most important nineteenth-century radical intellectuals. Bilbao's thinking about revolutionary change in Chile was heavily influenced by his understanding of the French revolutionary republican tradition. The article examines the transatlantic connections that shaped Bilbao's thought, the development of "second-generation" republicanism in Chile, and the French Revolutions of 1789 and 1848. It argues that the "regeneration" of the Chilean republic became a kind of mission for Bilbao and his generation of Chilean university students and young professionals. In pursuing this mission, they became intermediaries between the cutting edge of Atlantic political thought and the stubborn social realities of postcolonial Chile. The article also shows how Bilbao's radicalism inspired a ferocious counterattack by Chile's conservative Catholic Church, indicating how the Church would respond to future challenges to its authority.

JAMES E. SANDERS: The Vanguard of the Atlantic World: Creating Modernity, Nation, and Democracy in Nineteenth-Century Latin America. Durham: Duke University Press, 2014.

The financialisation of advanced economies has developed in part through the widespread engagement of workers with the financial sector, specifically through the increasing adoption of household debt. Taking on debt establishes "investor identities" for borrowers, which disciplines borrowers to demand employment and marginalises worker bargaining power. Although increased levels of household debt have been linked with a declining wage share of national income, there has been little examination of the effects of the specific channel of mortgage credit, the largest source of household debt, on the wage share. A series of regression models were implemented to test the relationship between the total mortgage stock and the wage share of GDP in four different countries, across three different Varieties of Residential Capitalism. While the panel data results demonstrate a negative relationship between mortgage credit and the wage share across the typologies, the relationship is concentrated in the liberal markets of the UK and the USA, and does not hold independently in Sweden and Denmark. There are four important differences that may explain the divergent results: (1) mortgages in liberal markets are provided at a higher cost than in non-liberal markets; (2) the use of mortgage bonds in non-liberal markets facilitates renegotiations in periods of borrower uncertainty; (3) the level of collective bargaining in Social Democratic states may strengthen worker wage negotiations; and (4) workers in liberal markets are reliant on mortgage finance to access the home as a financial asset in systems of asset-based welfare. The combination of which may explain how the increased disciplinary effects of mortgage finance have resulted in the reproduction of the conditions for capital accumulation in liberal capitalist states.

A discussion of the impact of 19th-century liberalism on the responses of Anglo-American nations to WWI focuses on how faith in the capacity of free men to reason became transformed during wartime into faith in the capacity of citizen soldiers. A review of historical accounts of the 19th-century roots of "liberal militarism" as the moral foundation of 20th-century Anglo-American war efforts is followed by a description of Samuel Huntington's explanation of liberal militarism in, The Soldier & the State (1957). Key elements of the liberal tradition; differences between English & American liberalism; & problematic aspects of assessing US military traditions within the framework of liberalism are considered. Historians have concluded that attitudes cultivated by nationalism in the pre-WWI years were just as deeply felt in Britain as in Germany. Other matters discussed include Paul Kennedy's (1976) identification of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71 as "the great watershed in British attitudes toward Germany;" British fears of national & imperial decline; & ways in which the nature of liberalism helped ensure that Britain's war would become total. J. Lindroth