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Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- About the Editors -- About the Contributors -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Part I Introduction -- Chapter 1 An Overview of Violent Behaviour from Aggression to Homicide: Theory, Research, and Practice -- Introduction and Overview -- Definitions of Violence and Aggression -- The Magnitude and Scope of Violence in Modern Society as Illustrated by Homicide -- Theories of Aggression and Violence -- Assessment and Prediction of Violent Behaviour -- A Collective Response: Three Tiers of Violence Crime Prevention -- Future Directions: Global and Local -- References -- Chapter 2 What Do We Know About Violent Offending Behaviour? -- Overview -- Rates of Occurrence -- Explanations and Theory Related to Violent Behaviour -- Types of Violence -- Associated Contributors - Person‐Based -- Associated Contributors - Contextual Factors -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 What Works with Violent Offenders: A Response to 'Nothing Works' -- Introduction -- Reducing Aggression and Violence -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II What Works in Violence Risk Assessment -- Chapter 4 From Predicting Dangerousness to Assessing and Managing Risk for Violence: A Journey Across Four Generations -- Introduction -- Foundation Issues -- Approaches to Assessing Risk for Violence -- Violence Risk Schemes -- Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Violence Risk Formation: The Move Towards Collaboratively Produced, Strengths-Based Safety Planning -- Introduction -- The Relationship Between Formulations and Actuarial Measures of Risk -- Top Down and Bottom Up Approaches to Looking at the Data -- Making Logical Inferences Based on the Nomothetic Literature About the Individual Case -- The Turn Towards Strengths-Based Practice -- Formulation as Causal Modelling Linking Evidence to Practice -- Sequential Analysis.

The relationship that develops between a client and therapist is arguably one of the most important factors toward achieving positive outcomes from therapy. The present study examined the therapeutic alliance, as measured by Horvath and Greenberg's Working Alliance Inventory (WAI), as a function of Aboriginal ancestry and the relationship of alliance to important program outcomes, in a Canadian correctional sample of 423 treated sexual offenders. The men rated their primary therapists on the WAI 3 months into treatment. Higher self-report ratings on the WAI and its Task, Bond, and Goal subscales were associated with lower rates of treatment non-completion and longer stay in treatment. Aboriginal men scored significantly lower on the WAI's Bond subscale (i.e., the emotional connection between client and therapist) than non-Aboriginal men, although by and large, the offender sample as a whole otherwise registered fairly high mean scores on the tool. Aboriginal men scoring below the median on WAI total score had the highest rates of treatment non-completion. WAI total score and scores on the three subscales were unrelated to post-program recidivism in the community. Cultural implications for correctional client engagement and service delivery within the context of the risk-needs-responsivity model are discussed.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Preface: Recidivism Risk Assessment in the 21st Century -- Part I: Introduction -- 1 Performance of Recidivism Risk Assessment Instruments in U.S. Correctional Settings -- Characteristics of Risk Assessment Instruments -- Characteristics of Samples and Studies -- The Current Review -- Method -- Review Protocol -- Search Strategy -- Results -- Characteristics and Content of Instruments -- Sample and Study Characteristics -- Performance of Recidivism Risk Assessment Instruments -- Discussion -- Limitations -- Conclusions -- Author Note -- References -- Supplemental Table -- Part II: Risk/Needs Assessment in North America -- 2 The CAIS/JAIS Approach to Assessment -- Introduction -- History of Development -- Development and Validation of Risk Assessment -- Development of CAIS/JAIS Needs Assessment Instruments -- Development, Synopsis, and Evaluation of CMC/SJS -- Synopsis of CMC Supervision Strategies -- CMC Evaluation Results -- Current Issues and Future Directions -- References -- 3 Correctional Offender Management Profiles for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) -- Introduction -- Purposes of COMPAS -- Predictive Risk Assessment -- Explanatory and Needs Assessment -- Avoiding the Various Disconnects between Assessment, Treatment, and Outcomes -- Different versions for Different Organizational Purposes and Target Populations -- Methodological Goals -- Background and History of Development -- Incorporate Theoretical Guidance in Selecting Relevant Scales to Achieve a Comprehensive Coverage of Explanatory Factors -- Incorporate Empirical Guidance from Meta-analytic Research on Predictive Factors -- Incorporate the Strength/Resiliency Perspective -- Incorporate Gender-Responsive Risk and Need Factors -- Dynamic vs. Static Items in COMPAS Risk Assessments.