Suchergebnisse

AbstractWater quality of rivers that received coal mine wastes from four active and three closed mines were investigated, focusing on ecologically hazardous pollutants. Zinc and nickel concentrations were highest downstream of two closed mines, particularly from the Canyon mine that closed 20 years earlier. Coal mine wastes increased nickel concentrations in waterways by an average of 25 times. The average concentration of zinc increased below mines waste discharges from 8.6 µg/L (upstream) to 83.4 µg/L (downstream). All coal mine discharges increased river salinity. Salinity increased by more than 6 times (upstream mean 101.4–741.7 µS/cm downstream). This study provides a reminder that water pollution from coal mines is a major environmental issue for both active and closed mines. The study highlights the need for more stringent and consistent environmental regulation for all mines, including key hazardous pollutants from wastes emerging from both active and closed mines.

Kohlberg's theory of moral development provided the conceptual framework for assessing the moral reasoning of 15 hearing-impaired students who ranged in age from 12 to 15 years, had an average hearing loss of greater than 100 dB in the better ear and had no other significant handicapping conditions. Four modified dilemmas from Kohlberg's Moral Judgement Instrument were administered. Each subject read a dilemma, was shown a corresponding videotaped dilemma in American Sign Language (ASL), and was then interviewed. Analyses indicated that the subjects reasoned at Stages 1 and 2 whereas, according to Kohlberg's norms, their hearing peers reasoned at Stages 2, 3, and 4. The subjects' weighted average scores for moral reasoning were correlated with their Reading Comprehension scores. A significant positive correlation (r = .616; p = .01) was found. The findings indicate that moral reasoning is related to language development.

This book examines the reasons for the unprecedented weak recovery following the recent US recession and explores the possibility that government economic policy is the problem. Drawing on empirical research that looks at issues from policy uncertainty to increased regulation, the volume offers a broad-based assessment of how government policies are slowing economic growth and provides a framework for understanding how those policies should change to restore prosperity in America.

Front Cover -- Book Title -- Contents -- Introduction - Lee E. Ohanian and John B. Taylor -- 1. Economic Strength and American Leadership - George P. Shultz -- 2. Uncertainty Unbundled: The Metrics of Activism - Alan Greenspan -- 3. Has Economic Policy Uncertainty Hampered the Recovery? - Scott R. Baker, Nicholas Bloom, and Steven J. Davis -- 4. How the Financial Crisis Caused Persistent Unemployment - Robert E. Hall -- 5. What the Government Purchases Multiplier Actually Multiplied in the 2009 Stimulus Package - John F. Cogan and John B. Taylor -- 6. The Great Recession and Delayed Economic Recovery: A Labor Productivity Puzzle? - Ellen R. McGrattan and Edward C. Prescott -- 7. Why the U.S. Economy Has Failed to Recover and What Policies Will Promote Growth - Kyle F. Herkenhoff and Lee E. Ohanian -- 8. Restoring Sound Economic Policy: Three Views - Alan Greenspan, George P. Shultz, and John H. Cochrane -- 9. Summary of the Commentary - Ian J. Wright -- About the Authors -- About the Hoover Institution's Working Group on Economic Policy -- Index.