Suchergebnisse

Already home to 23% of the global elderly population, China will experience further demographic change in the coming decades. To address the consequences of population ageing, the Chinese government is implementing major social insurance reforms and promotes the development of private insurance markets. We aim to inform these initiatives by developing a new method to project healthy life expectancy (HLE) in different regions. HLE is an important population health measure which is increasingly used in the actuarial literature. Our new approach relies on publicly available data from the Global Burden of Disease Study for life expectancy and HLE for 139 countries. We use the model to estimate HLE at birth in 2015 for 31 province-level regions in China for both males and females. We discuss the implications of our results for planned increases in the retirement age in China and for long-term care insurance pricing.

Already home to 23% of the global elderly population, China will experience further demographic change in the coming decades. To address the consequences of population ageing, the Chinese government is implementing major social insurance reforms and promotes the development of private insurance markets. We aim to inform these initiatives by developing a new method to project healthy life expectancy in different regions. Healthy life expectancy is an important population health measure which is increasingly used in the actuarial literature. Our new approach relies on publicly available data from the Global Burden of Disease Study for life expectancy and healthy life expectancy for 139 countries. We use the model to estimate healthy life expectancy at birth in 2015 for 31 province-level regions in China for both males and females. We discuss the implications of our results for planned increases in the retirement age in China and for long-term care insurance pricing.

Cloud computing is an important part of the development of smart cities and also the focus of the information and communication technology (ICT) industry. From the concept of cloud computing, people and objects in cities are organized based on their application needs and computed in real time. It is a comprehensive utilization of the new generation of information and communication technology. This paper first introduces the concept of cloud computing, smart city construction in Taiwan, and the information security management standard of cloud computing, then describes the cloud computing security framework from three areas,and summarizes the implementation status of cloud computing in Taiwan, government policies, and measures, reaching the conclusion that information transmission must be fast and reliable and ensure personal privacy and security. Any type of information security problem will bring catastrophic consequences. Therefore, cloud computing also brings severe challenges to the traditional information security system.

Cloud computing is an important part of the development of smart cities and also the focus of the information and communication technology (ICT) industry. From the concept of cloud computing, people and objects in cities are organized based on their application needs and computed in real time. It is a comprehensive utilization of the new generation of information and communication technology. This paper first introduces the concept of cloud computing, smart city construction in Taiwan, and the information security management standard of cloud computing, then describes the cloud computing security framework from three areas,and summarizes the implementation status of cloud computing in Taiwan, government policies, and measures, reaching the conclusion that information transmission must be fast and reliable and ensure personal privacy and security. Any type of information security problem will bring catastrophic consequences. Therefore, cloud computing also brings severe challenges to the traditional information security system.

Over the past 15 years, the evaluation of energy demand and use in buildings has become increasingly acute due to growing scientific and political pressure around the world in response to climate change. The estimation of the use of energy in buildings is therefore a critical process during the design stage. This paper presents a review of the literature published in leading journals through Science Direct and Scopus databases within this research domain to establish research trends, and importantly, to identify research gaps for future investigation. It has been widely acknowledged in the literature that there is an alarming performance gap between the predicted and actual energy consumption of buildings (sometimes this has been up to 300% difference). Analysis of the impact of occupants' behaviour has been largely overlooked in building energy performance analysis. In short, energy simulation tools utilise climatic data and physical/ thermal properties of building elements in their calculations, and the impact of occupants is only considered through means of fixed and scheduled patterns of behaviour. This research review identified a number of areas for future research including: larger scale analysis (e.g. urban analysis); interior design, in terms of space layout, and fixtures and fittings on occupants' behaviour; psychological cognitive behavioural methods; and the integration of quantitative and qualitative research findings in energy simulation tools to name but a few.