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Earthquake Hazard, Risk, and Disasters presents the latest scientific developments and reviews of research addressing seismic hazard and seismic risk, including causality rates, impacts on society, preparedness, insurance and mitigation. The current controversies in seismic hazard assessment and earthquake prediction are addressed from different points of view. Basic tools for understanding the seismic risk and to reduce it, like paleoseismology, remote sensing, and engineering are discussed. Contains contributions from expert seismologists, geologists, engineers and geophysicists selected by a world-renowned editorial board Presents the latest research on seismic hazard and risk assessment, economic impacts, fatality rates, and earthquake preparedness and mitigation Includes numerous illustrations, maps, diagrams and tables addressing earthquake risk reduction Features new insights and reviews of earthquake prediction, forecasting and early warning, as well as basic tools to deal with earthquake risk.

V p /V s Anomalies in Dilatant Rock Samples -- V p /V s in Saturated Granodiorite Loaded to Failure -- Acoustic Emission During High-Temperature Frictional Sliding -- The Study of Precursors of Failure Under Biaxial Compression -- Magnetism of Rocks and Volumetric Strain in Uniaxial Failure Tests -- Stable Sliding Preceding Stick-Slip on Fault Surfaces in Granite at High Pressure -- The Sliding Characteristics of Sandstone on Quartz Fault-Gouge -- Clay Gouges in the San Andreas Fault System and their Possible Implications -- An Analysis of Local Changes in Gravity Due to Deformation -- Mean Sea Level Before and After Some Great Strike-Slip Earthquakes -- Dilatancy and Crustal Uplift -- Aseismic Faulting Following the 1973 Nemuro-Oki Earthquake, Hokkaido, Japan (a possibility) -- Dilatancy Model and Empirical Formulas for an Earthquake Area -- Theory of Earthquakes -- Two Models for Earthquake Forerunners -- A Theoretical Model of the Dilatant Behavior of a Brittle Rock -- A Note on the Constitutive Law for Dilatancy -- Dilatancy-Related Electrical Resistivity Changes in Rocks -- Precursory and Coseismic Resistivity Changes -- Application of Electric Method to the Tentative Short-Term Forecast of Kamchatka Earthquakes -- The Nature of Surface Tilt Along 85 km of the San Andreas Fault — Preliminary Results from a 14-Instrument Array -- Possible Premonitory Strain Changes Associated with an Earthquake Swarm Near Mina, Nevada -- Crustal Structure and Temporal Velocity Change in Southern California -- Time Variations in Teleseismic Residuals Prior to the Magnitude 5.1 Bear Valley Earthquake of February 24, 1972 -- Quarry Blast Sources and Earthquake Prediction: The Parkfield, California, Earthquake of June 28, 1966 -- A Search for Precursors to the Sitka, 1972, Earthquake: Sea Level, Magnetic Field, and P-Residuals -- Deep Borehole Observation of the Earth's Crust Activities Around Tokyo — Introduction of the Iwatsuki Observatory -- Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements near the Hohenzollern-Graben-Structure, SW Germany.

Edited by two experts in the area, Geoethics: Ethical Challenges and Case Studies in Earth Sciences addresses a range of topics surrounding the concept of ethics in geoscience, making it an important reference for any Earth scientist with a growing concern for sustainable development and social responsibility. This book will provide the reader with some obvious and some hidden information you need for understanding where experts have not served the public, what more could have been done to reach and serve the public and the ethical issues surrounding the Earth Sciences, from a global perspe

Editors' Note -- A Review of Rock Mechanics Studies in the United States Pertinent to Earthquake Prediction -- Volume Changes During Fracture and Frictional Sliding: A Review -- Friction of Rocks -- A Note on Permeability Changes in Geologic Material Due to Stress -- The Effect of Water on Stress Relaxation of Faulted and Unfaulted Sandstone -- Mineralogy and Physical Nature of Clay Goug -- Rock Friction-Effect of Confing Pressure, Temperature, and Pore Pressure -- Aspects of Asperity-Surface Interaction and Surface Damage of Rocks during Experimental Frictional Sliding -- Electrical Resistivity Changes in Rocks During Frictional Sliding and Fracture -- Seismic Velocity Changes during Fracture and Frictional Sliding -- Dilatancy and Fracture Induced Velocity Changes in Rock and their Relation to Frictional Sliding -- Velocity Anomalies: An Alternative Explanation Based on Data from Laboratory Experiments -- Creep, Stable Sliding, and Premonitory Slip -- Time-Dependent Friction and the Mechanics of Stick-Slip -- Transient Creep and Semibrittle Behavior of Crystalline Rocks -- Effect of Displacement Rate on the Real Area of Contact and Temperatures Generated During Frictional Sliding of Tennessee Sandstone -- Fracture Surface Energy of Olivine -- Fault and System Stiffnesses and Stick-Slip Phenomena -- Experimental Observations of Elastic Wave Radiation Characteristics from Tensile Cracks and Pre-existing Shear Faults -- Model Studies of Shear Displacement along a Pre-existing Fault -- Small Faults Formed as Deformation Bands in Sandstone -- Development of Faults as Zones of Deformation Bands and as Slip Surfaces in Sandstone -- Propagation of Slip along Frictional Surfaces -- Rupture and Particle Velocity During Frictional Sliding -- Nonuniform Friction as a Physical Basis for Earthquake Mechanics -- Comments to "Nonuniform Friction as a Physical Basis for Earthquake Mechanics" by A. Nur.