Suchergebnisse

Construction industrialization (CI) has been adopted worldwide because of its potential benefits. However, current research shows the incentives for adopting CI may differ in different regions. While the promotion of CI in China is still at the initial stage, a systematical analysis of the driving factors would help decision makers get a comprehensive understanding of CI development and select proper strategies to promote CI. This research combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the construction industrialization driving factors (CIDFs) in China. The grounded theory method (GTM) was employed to explore CI concepts among 182 CI-related articles published in 10 top-tier journals from 2000 to 2017. A total of 15 CIDFs were identified, including one suggested by professionals during a pre-test questionnaire survey. The analysis showed that the development of CI in China is pushed by macrodevelopment and pulled by the government and is also a self-driven process. The major driving factors for CI adoption in China are the transformation and upgrade of the conventional construction industry and the solution of development dilemmas. Our study also suggests that pilot programs are, currently, the most effective method to promote CI in China and to accumulate experience so to gain recognition by the society. This research is also of value for CI promotion in other developing countries.

Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode is increasingly applied in civil air defense (CAD) projects to improve project quality and reduce the government's financial pressure. Because CAD project has different attributes during wartime and peacetime states, it's necessary to comprehensively consider the project performance under different states to conduct scientific performance measurement. This paper focuses on the process of construction, operation, and handover of CAD PPP project to construct a unified project performance measurement indicator system, then a system dynamics (SD) model is established to carry out dynamic performance measurement and simulation of CAD PPP project under different social states respectively. A case study is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed SD model, model validation, sensitivity analysis and result analysis were included as well. The study result can make the project performance management of CAD PPP more scientific and reasonable, and help decision-makers to formulate effective performance improvement strategies. It's found out that government plays an important role in CAD PPP projects, when resources are limited, the government should give priority to measures such as reducing tax rates and increasing subsidies to ensure project benefits. The research methods can also provide reference for performance measurement of other PPP projects.

Smart cities possess huge potential in future urban development. However, the critical problems in developing sustainable smart cities in China are the lack of clear strategies and effective strategy planning tools. Therefore, reasonable plans and strategies play important roles in helping the government develop sustainable smart cities. In this study, 16 SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) factors were identified. According to a structured questionnaire survey about SWOT factors, an integrated method, composed of SWOT and AHP (analytic hierarchy process) was conducted. A case study was conducted in Nanjing, China. The most powerful facilitators (strengths and opportunities) and the most powerful obstacles (weaknesses and threats) for developing Smart Nanjing City (SNC) were identified. The strategic intensity and value of the elements were confirmed. Moreover, proactive strategies were proposed including strengthening intelligent clusters, establishing governance ecosystem, and providing integrated services for SNC, which can be considered as policy suggestions for SNC, providing hybrid strategies for a planning approach integrating bottom-up and top-down design to develop smart cities, as a reference for other global cities. Moreover, the proposed AHP-SWOT hybrid method can be used as an effective quantitative strategy planning tool to help other authorities determine appropriate strategies for developing smart cities.

Smart cities possess huge potential in future urban development. However, the critical problems in developing sustainable smart cities in China are the lack of clear strategies and effective strategy planning tools. Therefore, reasonable plans and strategies play important roles in helping the government develop sustainable smart cities. In this study, 16 SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) factors were identified. According to a structured questionnaire survey about SWOT factors, an integrated method, composed of SWOT and AHP (analytic hierarchy process) was conducted. A case study was conducted in Nanjing, China. The most powerful facilitators (strengths and opportunities) and the most powerful obstacles (weaknesses and threats) for developing Smart Nanjing City (SNC) were identified. The strategic intensity and value of the elements were confirmed. Moreover, proactive strategies were proposed including strengthening intelligent clusters, establishing governance ecosystem, and providing integrated services for SNC, which can be considered as policy suggestions for SNC, providing hybrid strategies for a planning approach integrating bottom-up and top-down design to develop smart cities, as a reference for other global cities. Moreover, the proposed AHP-SWOT hybrid method can be used as an effective quantitative strategy planning tool to help other authorities determine appropriate strategies for developing smart cities.

The wide and in-depth adoption of advanced information technologies within the construction industry has led to its revolution of all aspects; the construction site is not an exception. Recently, the notion of a smart construction site (SCS) has drawn the attention of all stakeholders within the industry. While the practice of SCS could be witnessed in various regions and the notion is mentioned frequently, the concept of SCS is still emerging, a sound framework for SCS development is still absent. As a bottom-up phenomenon, a systematic analysis of critical factors would provide all stakeholders with a comprehensive view of SCS development. In this research, previous research and existing practices of SCS are referred to, which helps to identify 17 critical factors for SCS development from the perspective of management, technology, and organization. The DEMATEL-ISM approach is introduced to conduct the factor analysis, and a questionnaire survey is conducted among 10 experts to investigate their attitudes on these factors. Following the proposed method, the 17 factors are classified into seven hierarchies and further categorized into three layers, i.e., effect layer, operational layer, and input layer, which helps to demonstrate the interrelationship among the critical factors for SCS development. The effect layer consists of the first to the third hierarchy, which contains the factors of cost (F2), safety (F4), schedule (F5), environment (F9), and quality (F3) management; these factors belong to the management perspective and reflect the expectations during SCS development. The operational layer consists of the fourth to the sixth hierarchy, which contains seven factors, namely, processing (F8), information (F10), communication and coordination (F15), personnel (F5), material (F6), equipment (F7), and management regulation (F17); these factors are critical in processing the input resources into the final effect of SCS development. The input layer only consists of the seventh hierarchy, which contains hardware and software facility (F11), integrated platform (F12), data sharing center (F13), smart decision system (F14), and technical team (F16); these factors represent the investment of SCS development. The systematic analysis of critical factors provides new insights on SCS development, which could be adopted as references for future SCS development by all stakeholders like government and construction enterprises.