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La venue en France de 140 000 travailleurs chinois durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour participer à l'effort de guerre au côté des alliés et un épisode méconnu de l'histoire des relations franco-chinoises. Sa mémoire devrait cependant contribuer à permettre aux relations entre ces deux pays d'entrer dans une nouvelle ère plus fraternelle.

China has been experiencing great economic development and fast urbanisation since its reforms and opening-up policy in 1978. However, these changes are reliant on consumption of primary energy, especially coal, characterised by high pollution and low efficiency. China's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with carbon dioxide (CO2) being the most significant contributor, have also been increasing rapidly in the past three decades. Responding to both domestic challenges and international pressure regarding energy, climate change and environment, the Chinese government has made a point of addressing climate change since the early 2000s. This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of China's CO2 emissions and policy instruments for mitigating climate change. In the analysis, China's CO2 emissions in recent decades were reviewed and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis examined. Using the mostly frequently studied macroeconomic factors and time-series data for the period of 1980-2008, the existence of an EKC relationship between CO2 per capita and GDP per capita was verified. However, China's CO2 emissions will continue to grow over coming decades and the turning point in overall CO2 emissions will appear in 2078 according to a crude projection. More importantly, CO2 emissions will not spontaneously decrease if China continues to develop its economy without mitigating climate change. On the other hand, CO2 emissions could start to decrease if substantial efforts are made. China's present mitigation target, i.e. to reduce CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45% by 2020 compared with the 2005 level, was then evaluated. Three business-as-usual (BAU) scenarios were developed and compared with the level of emissions according to the mitigation target. The calculations indicated that decreasing the CO2 intensity of GDP by 40-45% by 2020 is a challenging but hopeful target. To study the policy instruments for climate change mitigation in China, domestic measures and parts of international cooperation adopted by ...

AbstractEconomic viability of farming operations determines long term success of US agriculture. This research examines the relationship between farming viability and its contributing factors at county level, using Ohio as an example. An ordinary least square regression (OLS) and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model are developed to examine the effects of mechanical and biochemical technologies, government payments, product diversity and farm size. The OLS model shows that all factors are globally significant contributors to farming viability. The GWR model further reveals that the input on biochemical and fuel and the product diversity exhibit significant spatial variation in their effects on farming viability. The spatial variation of local effects is analysed in relation to the different geographic conditions and farming practices across eco‐regions. The research improves the understanding of the mixed effect of explanatory factors on Ohio farming viability. The results also demonstrate that GWR model is a promising tool to acquire localized understanding of interaction between human and natural systems.

Small states throughout the Asia-Pacific are confronted by a growing dilemma over how to balance their traditional security ties with the US and rapidly growing trade with China. This gives Washington and Beijing potential leverage over small states to use within their competition with one another. This article explores the implications of this for New Zealand – a small South Pacific state that prides itself on maintaining an independent foreign policy. Situated within the small state literature, it utilises a material-based strategic triangle to illustrate the fundamental facets of New Zealand's position. Relatedly, the article examines how Wellington has managed its burgeoning relations with China and the US over the past decade and critically considers New Zealand's independent foreign policy. It finds that New Zealand has adopted a mixed set of strategies to manage its position between the US and China, closely aligning itself with Washington while remaining nonaligned on some key security issues in the Asia-Pacific region. New Zealand has certainly not opted for neutrality. The article concludes that New Zealand and other small states must remain vigilant, may want to consider alternative strategies of alignment, and outlines a number of areas where additional research could prove fruitful. (Pac Rev/GIGA)

There are multiple relationships between enterprises and communities, and the community-friendly corporate social responsibility (CSR) is unique. This paper constructs a duopoly model composed of two enterprises and a community, examines the impacts of community-friendly CSR on stakeholders, and analyzes the CSR decision. The results show that the level of community-friendly CSR, negative externalities, tax rate, and consumer sensitivity have multiple effects on profits, consumers, and social welfare, and the impacts of each factor are affected by the other factors; whether the competitors implement CSR affect the CSR decision of the other one; under certain circumstances, the implementation of CSR is conducive to achieving a win-win situation for the enterprises and the community.