Suchergebnisse

This study attempts to examine the impact of human rights and economic growth by utilizing two measures of economic growth for developing countries and an unbalanced data spanning from 1961-2017. The hypothesis of the study asserts that improvement in human right protection score increases economic growth in an economy. Firstly I conducted panel unit root test to see if the variables are stationary. After verifying the stationarity of variables at levels (i.e., I(0)) based on panel unit root tests, empirical estimations were conducted without the fear of potential spurious regression problem. According to the estimation results, in parallel to prior expectations, positive statistically significant effect on economic growth was identified for the variables of human right protection, physical capital investment, education investment, openness whereas negative statistically significant effect on economic growth was identified for the variable of inflation in all models estimated. Estimation results indicate that countries trying to reach to higher economic growth, besides the other determinants of economic growth, must pay attention to human right protection and implement policies that prioritizing human right protection.

Globalleşme literatüründe etkinlik ve telafi hipotezleri geniş bir şekilde ele alınıp ampirik boyutta irdelenmektedir. Bu çalışmada etkinlik ve telafi hipotezlerinin geçerliliği on iki farklı kamu harcaması için sınamaktadır. Beş farklı globalleşeme indeksi (genel globalleşme, ekonomik globalleşme, politik globalleşme, kültürel globalleşme ve sosyal globalleşme indeksi) için analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın periyodu olarak globalleşmenin en yoğun olduğu Berlin duvarının çöküşü sonrası dönem (hiper globalleşme dönemi olarak adlandırılan 1989 yılı sonrası dönem) seçilmiş, analizler gelişmekte olan ülkeler örneklemi için dengesiz panel veri seti ve iki yönlü sabit etki modelleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca modellerde tüm değişkenler durağan hallerinde kullanılmıştır. Ele alınan beş farklı globalleşme türü için yapılan analizler sonrasında elde edilen sonuçlara göre yoğun bir şekilde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif katsayılar elde edilmiş olup, bundan dolayı da ağırlıklı bir biçimde telafi hipotezinin geçerli olduğu görülmüştür.

This study analyzes the effect of usage of pirated software on poverty by using six prominent poverty indicators for the samples of developing and Latin America countries. The data utilized in models is out of balance and employ the period between 2003 and 2017. Our hypothesis asserts that increases in usage of pirated software diminish poverty in developing and Latin America countries. Firstly, univariate analyses are conducted, and the results of univariate analyses are demonstrated that there is a statistically significant opposite relationship between usage of pirated software and poverty in all six distinct poverty models. Secondly, three control variables (i.e., unemployment, health expenditure, and human capital) were included to our six poverty models to find out if the finding of univariate analyses retains its validity. The statistically significant reverse relationship between usage of pirated software and poverty remained the same after the inclusion of the three covariates. In other words, usage of pirated software maintains its negative significant effect on poverty in all models for both developing and Latin America countries samples. In consideration of the control variables, statistically significant negative coefficients were obtained for health expenditure and human capital whereas a positive coefficient was obtained for unemployment.