Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates how communications between regulators and firms through comment letters affect the outcomes of large mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in China. Unlike the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which uses comment letters to improve the accuracy of the measurement of deals, Chinese regulators worry about controlling shareholders' self-dealing and use real-time comment letters to expose suspicious deal specifics and to create pressure for controlling shareholders to back down. I find that the Chinese stock exchanges issue more severe comment letters on deal filings that indicate controlling shareholders' expropriation of minority shareholders. More severe comment letters are associated with a lower market response to the receipt of letters, predict a higher probability of voluntary deal cancellation by management, and indirectly increase the probability of deal withdrawal and lengthen the processing time for equity-funded deals by affecting the approving body's scrutiny level.

Everyone needs to be served, and a service network provides a set of services and/or help to please the people involved. No matter who is the service provider, government or retailer, there always been a clash between them and customers. Service providers are trying their best to serve customers as many as possible with a limitation of cost, while the satisfaction of customer might be neglected at the same time. According to find a balance between objectives of both customers and service providers. Three concepts: Availability, Efficient and Accessibility are proposed in this paper corresponding to three classic facility location mathematical models: set covering location model, maximal covering location, and p-median models. In addition, a real-world case study of postal service network in a city in Northern Norway is included under for the purpose of improving the service performance based on the three concepts mentioned above. Excel Solver is applied for simulating all three covering mathematical models

Breaking the cycle of bullying requires attention to the role of bystanders. We sought to identify the influencing factors associated with the psychological experience of junior high school students as bullying bystanders in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan according to
data obtained from the Program for International Student Assessment 2018. The findings show that parental emotional support and the perception of school cooperation were the main factors that determined the psychological experience of bystanders in campus bullying in all four regions. In Hong
Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, but not in Mainland China, girls were more likely than were boys to be active bystanders who defended or supported bullied students when bullying occurred. Other factors that must be considered are also discussed according to the regions studied.

This study tests how different types of government funding affect the recovery of zombie enterprises in the manufacturing sector of China. The results show that funding for production and innovation can revive zombie enterprises in expanding industries, while funding for interest cannot. Furthermore, funding for production and innovation can share costs, increase investment in selling or innovation, and promote the scaling down of businesses through external governance effects, helping zombie enterprises to recover. Finally, none of the funding types can revive zombie enterprises in contracting industries; these can recover only through access to larger overseas markets.

OBJECTIVE: To assess factors associated with the ability to achieve and maintain target serum urate (SU) with allopurinol in patients with gout. METHODS: We used National VA national databases from 2002-2012. Eligible patients had ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient visits with a diagnostic code for gout, filled a new index allopurinol prescription, had at least one post-treatment SU measured, and met 12-month observability rule. Treatment successes were defined as the achievement of post-index SU <6 mg/dl (success 1) and post-index SU <6 mg/dl that was sustained (success 2). RESULTS: Of the 198,839 unique patients with allopurinol use, 41,153 unique patients (with 47,072 episodes) and 17,402 unique patients (with 18,323 episodes) were eligible for analyses for success 1 and success 2; 42% each achieved (success 1) or achieved and maintained post-index SU <6 mg/dl (success 2). In multivariable-adjusted models, factors associated with significantly higher odds of both outcomes were: older age, normal BMI, Deyo-Charlson index score of 0, rheumatologist as the main provider rather than non-rheumatologist, Midwest U.S. location for the healthcare facility, a lower hospital bed size, military service-connection for medical conditions of 50% or more (a measure of healthcare access priority), longer distance to the nearest VA facility, and lower pre-index SU. CONCLUSION: We identified novel factors associated with maintaining SU <6 mg/dl based on a theoretical model. Several potentially modifiable factors can be targeted by individual/provider/systems interventions for improving successful achievement and maintenance of target SU in patients with gout.