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This paper examines the coupling in early texts of two masters, Yang Zhu 楊朱 and Mo Di 墨翟. The two thinkers are most famously paired in the Mencius as the prominent preachers of extreme doctrines, while they are also sometimes presented in other early texts such as the Zhuangzi and Han Feizi as useless debaters on trivial topics. These alternative portrayals of Yang-Mo are usually simplified as a second-rate imitation or repetition of the standard Mencian depiction. The paper argues that such a reading represents a serious misunderstanding of the pre-imperial textual transmission. Unfamiliarity with Yang-Mo as sophists may also be the result of the unconscious acceptance of Mencius' description. The unconventional portrayal of Yang-Mo, very likely relatively unrelated to Mencius' portrayal, had its own history in early China. Presented in various contexts, this alternative Yang-Mo image was once circulated in various forms for different intended audiences.

For the last few years in China, several urban planning issues have become public concerns with debates arising on the Internet. As the power of the Internet media continues to rise, the grassroots in China are beginning to have a channel for their voice in the urban planning realm, an area which has been dominated by professionals and governments. In this article, the "PX project event" in Xiamen City and the "nail household event" in Chongqing City are examined from the perspectives of collaborative planning theory. It can be concluded that in today's China, although the Internet-based participation may encourage urban planning to become more transparent, open, and extensively participated, it is hardly more than a consensus-seeking and social learning process, with insufficient management from planning professionals and is far away from consensus building. Such controversies often end in criticism, bias, and a crash in public trust, and governments, elites, and those who are closer to the power center are still the major decision makers. Nevertheless, it is noticeable that, with the pressure of public opinion, grassroots voices on the Internet have tried successfully to change the context of the decision-making process, as well as the balance of the power-oriented political relationships.

This paper investigates the application of filter bank multicarrier modulation based on the OQAM (FBMC/OQAM) to multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Existing solutions guarantee satisfactory performance when the streams multiplexed on each subcarrier (S) and the number of transmit (NT) and receive (NR) antennas are related as S = min (NT, NR). When S <; min (NT, NR), the techniques presented in previous works either exhibit an error floor or perform much worse than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). To make progress towards the combination of FBMC/OQAM with MIMO we propose a two-step approach and a coordinated beamforming algorithm to design the transmit and the receive processing. Numerical results show that the two-step method provides similar bit error rate (BER) as OFDM when S + 1 = NT = NR. Resorting to the coordinated beamforming solution, which is based on an iterative method, the application of FBMC/OQAM is extended to the general case S <; min (NT, NR). Hence, the techniques presented in this paper demonstrate that FBMC/OQAM can achieve practically the same BER as OFDM with an increased spectral efficiency and a significantly decreased out-of-band radiation, which is an important advantage for non-contiguous spectrum allocations ; Grant numbers : This work has received funding from the Catalan Government under grant 2014SGR1567.© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.

Accessing and exploring large-scale genomics data sets remains a significant challenge to researchers without specialist bioinformatics training. We present the integrated PlantGenIE.org platform for exploration of Populus, conifer and Arabidopsis genomics data, which includes expression networks and associated visualization tools. Standard features of a model organism database are provided, including genome browsers, gene list annotation, BLAST homology searches and gene information pages. Community annotation updating is supported via integration of WebApollo. We have produced an RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) expression atlas for Populus tremula and have integrated these data within the expression tools. An updated version of the COMPLEX resource for performing comparative plant expression analyses of gene coexpression network conservation between species has also been integrated. The PlantGenIE.org platform provides intuitive access to large-scale and genome-wide genomics data from model forest tree species, facilitating both community contributions to annotation improvement and tools supporting use of the included data resources to inform biological insight. ; This work was supported by funds from the Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council (VR), the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (Vinnova), the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas), and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), in part through the UPSC Berzelii Centre for Forest Biotechnology. NRS is supported by the Trees and Crops for the Future (TC4F) project. ; http://www.newphytologist.com ; am2015