Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the study is to analyze the activity of the laboratory service of the Dnepropetrovsk region, to develop and substantiate the concept of optimizing its work. We have carried out in dynamics the analysis of the laboratory service of the Dnepropetrovsk region: its structure; staffing level of doctor-laboratory assistants, biologists and laboratory assistants; carrying out laboratory researches, their structure and quality, as well as the state of laboratory equipment and reagent base. The methods of research used: bibliosemantic – systematic and historical analysis of domestic and world literary sources on the organization of laboratory service; reports and legislative documents on the activities of the laboratory service of the region; systematic analysis – to identify the existing shortcomings and positive experience in the training system, the formation of an effective team of employees, quality of the provided laboratory services, ways to optimize the work of the clinical-diagnostic laboratories (CDL); medical statistics for the analysis and interpretation of research results, logical mode­ling – for the development of the concept. The article covers the state of the laboratory service of the region: changes of its structure due to restructuring of the treatment-prophylactic institutions (TPI), the reforming of primary medical-sanitary care; development of family medicine – the number of hospital decreased by 39,8% in 2017 as compared to 1995, the number of hospital – by 38% beds per 10 thousand population; At the same time, the number of outpatient cl­inics increased by 70,1% during this period, which is in line with the WHO recommendations for provision of out­patient care to 80% of patients. Coefficient of provision of population of the region with doctor-laboratory assistants per 10 thousand of population is 0,68; staffing level of doctor-laboratory assistants with of medical doctors by natural persons is 25,9% with tendencies to decrease. The staffing level of specialists with higher ...

The article covers the main medical and demographic problems of Ukraine: birth-rate decline, growth of mortality; moving of qualified personnel abroad, which led to a decrease in the population over the years of independence by more than 9.5 million people. The total birth rate in Ukraine in 2017 was 10.3 per 1000 people, which is 14.9% lower than in 1991. The lowest birth rate was observed in 2000-2002 (7.8, 7.7, 8.1). Then gradually there is an increase in the indicators in 2012 - 11.4 per 1000 people. The total mortality rate in 2017 is 14.4, which is 11.6% higher than in 1991. According to the analysis period, the lowest mortality rate was registered in 1991 - 12.9%. The most high-speed in the period 2005-2008. (16.6, 16.2, 16.4). The natural increase from -0.8 dropped to-4.1 (more than 5 times). The demographic situation in Ukraine is characterized by depopulation, it is characterized by demographic crisis, the main features of which are adverse changes not only in the number but also in the healthy of population, which is manifested in the decrease in the average life expectancy, the deterioration of the health of children and adolescents, the growth of malformations among newborns, high mortality rates from circulatory system diseases; oncological diseases, injuries, poisonings and other consequences of external causes; men's super mortality. The main causes of these phenomena are the protracted economic crisis, the ecological catastrophe (Chernobyl), the country's being in a state of hybrid war, which led to a sharp decline in living standards, uncertainty of the population in the future deaths of people. We offered some ways to over come the country's demographic crisis.