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In The New Spirit of Capitalism (2005), Luc Boltanski and Eve Chiapello argue that critiques of capitalism have historically taken two forms: the "social" and the "artistic." The artistic critique, which values individual autonomy and authenticity, takes special aim at the institution of work, against which it "counterposes the freedom of artists." The artistic critique's massive countercultural uprising in the 1960s had been matched, however, by an overwhelming response from the bourgeois establishment. As a result, ideologies of work at the turn of the twenty-first century have become inscribed in the figure of the artist, who is "highly specialized, creative and personalized." How did the artistic critique come to be "artistic"? How did the values of freedom and authenticity that Boltanski and Chiapello assigned to the artistic critique come to be associated with artists, and, more importantly, how do they continue to be seen as values held by artists? Through the figure of the classical musician, this dissertation explores how this association between artists and the work ethic has been, and continues to be, reproduced in American discourses of work. It examines the figure of the classical musician as it has been used to communicate the work ethic in three empirical domains: English-language business management scholarly journal articles, entrepreneurship education discourse in American higher education, and popular American television comedy as represented by the Amazon Original series, Mozart in the Jungle. In addition, this dissertation traces the more general emergence of the Bohemian artist as a work-related figure in the popular American imagination. In doing so, it conceptualizes the human face that capitalism gives to its "ideal type" of the work ethic as the avatar of the work ethic. The avatar of the work ethic is a discursive sign, either concretely or symbolically embodied in a human figure, that is imbricated within the web of signs that point to the discipline of the work ethic.

The diathesis-stress component hypothesis and the mediational role of hopelessness proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression were tested using data from a 16-week longitudinal study of Chinese university undergraduates. Participants (N = 240) completed self-report measures
assessing attributional style, negative life events, hopelessness, and hopelessness depression symptoms at 3 time points. The diathesis-stress hypothesis was tested using the latent growth curve model and results showed that as postulated in the hopelessness theory, depressogenic attributional
style predicted hopelessness depression following the occurrence of negative life events. Specifically, hopelessness played a partial mediating role in the etiological chain of hopelessness depression.

In Europe, legislation about waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recovery and recycling has been introduced in 2002, and corresponding legislation in the EU Member States was in place in August 2005 (EU-EC 2003). In the same period, China has been developing WEEE regulation as well. The main contribution to date to the Chinese legislative framework is the 'Circular Economy Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China' that was approved on August 29, 2008, and came into force as of January 1, 2009. Both these legislative systems contain the Extended Producer Responsibility as a core concept, as well as a formal, and, in the case of China, centralised, recovery system. Given the conceptual similarities of legislation on WEEE, but striking differences in the product recovery systems in China and the EU, it is of interest to investigate if the existing recovery and recycling system in China actually fits the new legislation. Currently, there is anecdotal evidence that, in China, much of the WEEE flows into informal recycling channels such as secondhand market and manual recycling workshops. Not much is known otherwise because a formal governance system and official statistics collection do not exist yet. More particularly, the actual WEEE flow in China, or in particular cities, is virtually unknown, as is the relationship between collection-treatment, re-selling and disposal. This paper suggests a Markov chain model that allows for the analysis of the flow of WEEE through the reverse chain from point of collection through the final disposal. We analyse this sytem in its equilibrium state and investigate the impact of scenarios that reflect key elements of the new WEEE regulation in China. In addition, we offer a qualitative analysis of the various scenarios for the three dimensions of sustainability: people, planet and profit. This research offers specific suggestions to strengthen the Chinese WEEE recovery and recycling system that would bring the actual system more in line with the current policy.

Silk roads and the centrality of Old World Eurasia / Gungwu Wang -- Progress on the Belt and Road Initiative: a four-year-evaluation / Wen Wang, Jinjing Jia, Junyong Xiang, and Ying Liu -- Hong Kong as an equity financing centre for the Belt and Road nations / Kevin C.K. Lam, Heather M.F. Lee, Julia J. Liu, and Stacy Z. Wang -- A comparison of investment strategies of China and Japan and infrastructure projects in ASEAN / Cheung-Kwok Law and Derek Yuen -- China's Belt and Road Initiative through the lens of Central Asia / Roman Vakulchuk and Indra Overland -- The Belt and Road Initiative and Cambodia's infrastructure connectivity development: a Cambodian perspective / Lak Chansok -- Economic cooperation and infrastructure linkage between Malaysia and China under the Belt and Road Initiative / Chow-Bing Ngeow -- e-Commerce readiness from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to the Belt and Road Initiative / Kam-Fai Wong, Chun-Hung Cheng, and Waiman Cheung -- Maritime logistics: challenges and opportunities in Asia Pacific region in the perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative / Jai Acharya -- Plotting the future of the Belt and Road Initiative: connections, opportunities, and challenges / Peter Frankopan.

China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is intended to radically increase investment and integration along a series of land and maritime routes. As the initiative involves more than 100 countries or international organizations and huge amounts of infrastructure construction, cooperation between many different markets is essential to its success. Cheung and Hong have edited a collection of essays that, between them, examine a range of practical issues facing the BRI and how those issues are being addressed in a range of countries. Such challenges include managing financing and investment, ensuring infrastructure connectivity, and handling the necessary e-commerce and physical logistics. Emphasizing the role of Hong Kong as an intermediary and enabler in the process, this book attempts to tackle the key practical challenges facing the BRI and anticipate how these challenges will affect the initiative's further development. The book provides a holistic and international approach to understanding the implementation of the BRI and its implications for the future economic integration of this huge region.

Introduction: the psychology of multicultural identity and experiences / Verónica Benet-Martínez and Ying-yi Hong -- Dynamic multiculturalism: the interplay of socio-cognitive, neural, and genetic mechanisms / Ying-yi Hong and Mark Khey -- The bilingual brain: language, culture, and identity / Nairán Ramirez-Esparza and Adrián García-Sierra -- The identity dynamics of acculturation and multiculturalism: situating acculturation in context / Seth J. Schwartz, Vivian L. Vignoles, Rupert Brown, and Hanna Zagefka -- Multicultural societies / John W. Berry and David L. Sam -- The social psychology of multiculturalism: identity and intergroup relations / Kay Deaux and Maykel Verkuyten -- Exploring the identity autonomy perspective (IAP): an integrative theoretical approach to multicultural and multiracial identity / Diana T. Sanchez, Margaret J. Shih, and Leigh S. Wilton -- Multiple groups, multiple identities and intersectionality / Isis H. Settles and Nicole T. Buchanan -- Psychological science of globalization / Angela K.-Y. Leung, Lin Qiu, and Chi-Yue Chiu -- Assessment of psychological acculturation and multiculturalism: an overview of measures in the public domain / Ozgur Celenk and Fons J.R. van de Vijver -- Implicit multicultural identities / Thierry Devos and ThuyLoan Vu -- Personality and multicultural effectiveness / Karen I. van der See and Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven -- Variations in multicultural experience: influence of bicultural identity integration on socio-cognitive processes and outcomes / Chi-Ying Cheng, Fiona Lee, Verónica Benet-Martínez and Que-Lam Huynh -- Multiculturalism and adjustment / Joseph G. Ponterotto and Alexander W. Fietzer -- Identity formation in bicultural youth: a development perspective / Paul Vedder and Jean S. Phinney -- Childhood socialization and academic performance of bicultural youth / Jayanthi Mistry, Mariah M. Contreras, and Elizabeth Pufall-Jones -- Multicultural education and global citizens / James A. Banks -- Multicultural counseling and therapy counseling for social justice / Leyla M. Pérez-Gualdrón and Christine J. Yeh -- Bridging cultural divides: traversing organizational and psychological perspectives on multiculturalism / Mary Yoko Brannen and Fiona Lee -- Cultural diversity and marketing: the multicultural customer / Laura A. Perrachio, Melissa G. Bublitz, and David Luna -- Policies for managing cultural diversity / Cristina Novoa and Fathali M. Moghaddam -- Managing identity issues in intercultural conflict communication: developing a multicultural identity attunement lens / Stella Ting-Toomey.