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In July of 2013, Taiwan passed its Wetland Conservation Act and will begin the implementation of the Act on 2 February 2015. With this Act, Taiwan has become the second Asian country to have specific legislation on wetland conservation and protection. This new law enables the society to achieve sustainable utilization on wetland ecological services. The core concepts of the Wetland Conversation Act include biological diversity conservation and wise use of wetland resources. Special political circumstances prevent Taiwan from registering its wetlands as a conservation priority under the Ramsar Convention. This new law allows the government to evaluate and assign a specific area as a "Wetland of Importance." Under this status, any development activities within the designated area shall be prohibited unless the developer prepares a usage plan for review. The usage plan and the original usage of the natural resources within the wetland area shall also follow the "wise use" principle to protect the wetland and biological service system. However, this new law does not provide clear separation between the two different "wise use" standards. If the development is deemed necessary, new law provides compensation mitigation measures to extend the surface of the wetland and provides additional habitats for various species. Wetland conservation and management rely heavily on systematic research and fundamental data regarding Taiwan's wetlands. Determining how to adopt these scientific methodologies and transfer them into enforceable mechanisms is a sizeable challenge for both biologists and lawyers as the Wetland Conservation Act creates many legal norms without clarifying definitions. This article will review the current wetland regulations from the legal perspective and provide suggestions for enforcement in the future.

Research from the interdisciplinary field of social cognitive neuroscience provides insights as to how managers learn and develop, resulting in theoretical propositions and practical implications. Third-generation management development is applied as a conceptual framework for the organization and presentation of relevant evidence from the neuroscience literature. Neuroscience offers potential to theoretically advance our understanding of management development as well as practically enhance managerial capacity to (a) reflect with a deeper sense of self-awareness, (b) analyze with greater balance across hard and soft data, (c) position organizations within broader perspectives, (d) collaborate interpersonally by establishing relationships that engender egalitarianism and trust, and (e) enact change in a nonlinear manner. Ten propositions are developed linking neurological processes to management development. Practical implications are suggested as well as research considerations for future integration between neuroscience and management development.

Background: Burnout, depression, and anxiety are highly prevalent among medical students, which often leads to their attrition. We aim to assess the inter-relationships of depression, burnout, and anxiety symptoms with dropout intention among Chinese medical undergraduates using the network analysis. Method: A total of 3,648 Chinese medical undergraduates were recruited through snowball sampling. Learning burnout scale, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used to assess burnout, depression, and anxiety symptoms, respectively. We used the EBICglasso model to estimate the network. We compared the network based on gender, study phase, and clinical experience. Results: After removing repeated submissions and incorrect responses to the trap question, 3,536 participants were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of burnout, depression, anxiety, and dropout intention was 38, 62.7, 38.4, and 39% respectively, which is consistent with previous findings. Network analysis suggested that anxiety and depression items clustered together and displayed several strong bridge connections, while burnout items formed another cluster. All the strongest edges were within the respective distress. Cynicism symptoms 'I am fed up with study' and 'I want to study but I feel that studying is boring' were the most central symptoms, while 'fatigue' and 'worthless' were the bridge symptoms within the burnout-depression-anxiety network. Other central symptoms included 'worthless', 'I can handle my courses', 'nervous', and 'uncontrollable worry'. Cynicism symptoms 'I am interested in my major' and 'I feel that the knowledge I have learned is useless' were mostly related to dropout intention. Gender, study phase, and clinical experience didn't affect the global strength of the burnout-depression-anxiety network. Conclusion: Our results indicated the predominance of cynicism symptoms within the burnout-depression-anxiety network and its substantial impact on dropout intention, suggesting that early detection and intervention for cynicism symptoms in Chinese medical students are in urgent need. Other central and bridge symptoms might also serve as potential targets for the prevention and treatment of burnout, depression, and anxiety among medical students. For example, studies suggest cognitive-behavioral therapy could quickly improve 'worthless', which might be beneficial in treating burnout, depression, and anxiety in medical students.

Abstract. Landslides whose slide surface is gentle near the toe and relatively steep in the middle and rear part are common in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China. The mass that overlies the steep part of the slide surface is termed the "driving section", and that which overlies the gentle part of the slide surface is termed the "resisting section". A driving–resisting model is presented to elucidate the deformation mechanism of reservoir landslides of this type, as exemplified by Shuping landslide. More than 13 years of field observations that include rainfall, reservoir level, and deformation show that the displacement velocity of Shuping landslide depends strongly on the reservoir level but only slightly on rainfall. Seepage modeling shows that the landslide was destabilized shortly after the reservoir was first impounded to 135 m, which initiated a period of steady deformation from 2003 to 2006 that was driven by buoyancy forces on the resisting section. Cyclical water level fluctuations in subsequent years also affected slope stability, with annual "jumps" in displacement coinciding with drawdown periods that produce outward seepage forces. In contrast, the inward seepage force that results from rising reservoir levels stabilizes the slope, as indicated by decreased displacement velocity. Corrective transfer of earth mass from the driving section to the resisting section successfully reduced the deformation of Shuping landslide and is a feasible treatment for huge reservoir landslides in similar geological settings.

During the early phase of the coronavirus disease epidemic in Hong Kong, 1,715 survey respondents reported high levels of perceived risk, mild anxiety, and adoption of personal-hygiene, travel-avoidance, and social-distancing measures. Widely adopted individual precautionary measures, coupled with early government actions, might slow transmission early in the outbreak.