Suchergebnisse

THE TERM PERSUATION MEANS THE COMPLETE ACT OF CAUSING ONE TO DO SOMETHING BY APPEALING TO REASON AND EMOTION. THE PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER IS TO DEVELOP AN ECONOMIC THEORY OF PERSUASION. FIRST IT DISCUSSES HOW INDIVIDUALS PERSUADE THE MEDIAN VOTER IN COLLECTIVE DECISION-MAKING CONCERNING THE SOCIAL SUPPLY LEVEL OF A PUBLIC GOOD WITHIN THE MEDIAN VOTER MODEL. SECOND, IT DEVELOPS A MODEL OF PERSUASION IN THE CASE OF EXTERNALITIES WITHIN THE COASIAN FRAMEWORK. FINALLY, IT PRESENTS A SUMMARY OF ARGUMENTS AND POINTS OUT THE PROBLEMS THAT REMAIN TO BE EXPLORED.

With a case study of a village in Majalengka district in West Java Province, Indonesia, the author explores how "agricultural development", which is expressed here as diversification and commercialization, caused a change in the "institution" of tenant farming, and what logic is behind the choice of tenancy contract. He shows that the tenant farming system has been shifting from a profit-sharing to a fixed cash rent system in line with the commercialization of agriculture. (DÜI-Sen)

Methylmercury poisoning; Minamata disease; Methylmercury emission; Methylmercury intoxication; Pollution-related disease; Neurological syndrome; Chemical factory pollution; Chisso Corporation

AbstractThe new West Japan Twins and Higher Order Multiple Births Registry was established by recruiting young twins and multiple births and by referrals from public health centers in the 1990s. The participants included in the survey comprised over 7800 twins and 4241 higher order multiples, and their families. Specifically, the present registry contains one of the largest triplet samples in the world. For these twins and multiples, data on year of delivery, mode of delivery, gestational age, intrapartum complications, longitudinal physical measures, motor milestones, cerebral palsy and feeding methods were obtained from records in the Maternal and Child Health Handbooks and schools. Participating mothers were asked to indicate family structure, parental educational history, maternal sleeping time, maternal health condition, maternal and paternal age at multiple delivery, complications during pregnancy, handedness of multiples and age at menarche of multiples. However, the zygosity differed among the various collaborating public health centers according to factors such as the time of investigation. Follow-up questionnaires have been mailed out every 3–4 years for longitudinal studies. This article describes the goals of this registry, recruitment of multiples and the focus of the study. The goals of this registry are not only to conduct research on human genetics and maternal and child health, but also to contribute to providing appropriate information for families with multiples.

This study aims on clarifying a relational structure of society and individual in the philosophy of Kitaro Nishida, especially focusing on his early work titled "Society and Individual" (first published in 1922). In Taisho era, when Japan was under crisis of human survivability challenged by political and economic disturbances after the World War, natural disasters and prevailing poverty in transitional democratization and capitalisation, 'society' became one of the focal topic among scholars. On the other hand, the past criticisms stirred against Nishida before and after the World War II have found a main problem of Nishida philosophy in a scarcity of "process" description between individuality and absolute nothingness in his absolute dialectical logic. This exploration investigates the notion of 'society' in the early Nishida's philosophy, which depicts society and individual as a fractal structure, accepting plurality of subjects and constant confliction among meanings and wills. Through demarcating the sense of 'society,' the author attempts to spot a light on the misunderstandings in the past criticisms against Nishida and on his unique perspective of society and individual in the modernizing period of Japan.