Suchergebnisse

The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U. S. Government. ; A shell formulation was developed from a three dimensional solid. The shell element is isoparametric and has four corner nodes at which there are three independent displacements and three independent rotations. The element formulation includes both transverse shear and transverse normal deformations. The element utilizes reduced integration along the in-plane axes and full integration along the transverse axis. The formulation incorporates the Gurson constitutive model for void growth and plastic deformation. Hourglass mode control is provided by adding a small fraction of internal force determined through full integration along the in-plane axes and reduced integration along the transverse axis. ; Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division ; N00167-97-WR-70463 ; Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

In this study, we evaluate whether the increase in the number of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) has resulted in their increased use for foreign policy behavior by the nations of the world. This question is examined in three related ways: (1) the aggregate use of IGOs for foreign policy behavior; (2) the relationship between IGO membership and IGO use; and (3) the kinds of states that use IGOs. Our data base consists of the 35 nations in the CREON (Comparative Research on the Events of Nations) data set for the years 1959–1968.The main findings are that IGOs were employed over 60 percent of the time with little fluctuation on a year-by-year basis, that global and "high politics" IGOs were used more often than regional and "low politics" IGOs, that institutional membership and IGO use were generally inversely related, and that the attributes of the states had limited utility in accounting for the use of intergovernmental organizations. Some of the theoretical implications of these findings are then explored.

THIS STUDY ATTEMPTS TO EVALUATE WHETHER THE INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (IGOS) HAS RESULTED IN THEIR INCREASED USE FOR FOREIGN POLICY BEHAVIOR BY THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD. DATA ANALYSIS INCLUDES AGGREGATE USE OF IGOS FOR FOREIGN POLICY BEHAVIOR; RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IGO MEMBERSHIP AND IGO USE.