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The world today stands at the threshold of a new revolution, the fourth in the history of mankind. It is imperative to study the effects of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (also known as IR 4.0) to understand the benefit that it will provides for the affected groups majority. This paper consists of review for mostly on manufacturing sector in United Kingdom, Singapore, European Union, United States and China which reveals the rapid growth and the effect of Industrial Revolution 4.0 towards these countries and consequently the world. Manufacturing has increased economy in Singapore, where incomes for employed residents in manufacturing exceed others by 0.4 percent. Meanwhile in United Kingdom and European Union, manufacturing has accounted for 8% and 24% respectively for their national jobs. However, United States shows slow increase in manufacturing employment sector and still below 18 million (before recession in 2009). Nonetheless, the employment could be affected by vast use of automated machine, unlike China which has ratio of 40 machines to 10,000 workers.

The author would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Malaysian Government through the author's home University: Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). In addition the support of the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), through the funding of a research project entitled 'STEP-NC Compliant Machining and Inspection' at Loughborough University is acknowledged. ; Several CAPP and CAM systems related to STEP-NC compliance are being implemented or commercialized around the world but the focus on turning operations has been limited in the second respect. This paper describes and illustrates a STEP compliant CAD/CAPP/CAM System for the manufacture of rotational parts on CNC turning centers. The information models to support the proposed system together with the data models defined in the ISO14649 standard used to create the NC programs are also described. A structured view of a STEP compliant CAD/CAPP/CAM system framework supporting the next generation of intelligent CNC controllers for turn/mill component manufacture is provided. Finally the authors proposed system is outlined by the modeling of a turn/mill workstation and through the use of user interface dialogs that depict the information held in the models. A case study component has been developed to prove the concept for using the milling and turning parts of ISO14649 to provide a turn-mill CAD/CAPP/CAM environment.

The trend of women's active participation in religious extremism phenomenon has become a serious global threat, including for Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia. This paper aims to offer a fiqh approach in the form of wasaṭiyyah in order to reinforce counter-laws of religious extremism, especially on the issue of Malaysian women's involvement in the Daesh extremist group (al-Dawlah al-Islāmiyyah fī al-ʻIrāq wa al-Shām). Through library and field research, this paper concludes that an approach of fiqh wasaṭiyyah, which is based on the reality of law and the reality of religious extremism, can be developed. This research is hoped to assist various parties, especially the Malaysian government, to improve existing deradicalization process and strengthen the efforts to restraint religious extremism in the grassroots.