Suchergebnisse

The aim of this study was to investigate comprehensively the metabolic pathways and human bioavailability of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds in apple matrix, and to elucidate potential intake biomarkers. After the acute intake of a red-fleshed apple snack, plasma and urine were collected and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. A total of 37 phase-II and microbial phenolic metabolites were detected in plasma and urine. Among these, phloretin glucuronide, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (plasma and urine) and peonidin-3-O galactoside (urine) were the only metabolites detected in all the volunteers and not detected at basal conditions. The maximum urine excretion was detected at 2-4 h, and the main increase in plasma of phloretin glucuronide and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside was observed at 2h post-intake (61.0  6.82 and 10.3  1.50 nM, respectively). These metabolites could be selected as the best intake biomarkers of red-fleshed apple that might be useful in human intervention studies when studying the bioactivity of red-fleshed apple. ; This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Economy and Competitiveness through the AGL2016-76943-C2-1-R and AGL2016-76943-C2- 2-R projects (co-funded by the European Social Fund, European Union); I.A.L. enjoys a post-doctoral contract (2017PMF-POST2-19) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement and from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV). S.Y. was supported by a grant from the University of Lleida. In addition, the authors are grateful to NUFRI SAT (Mollerussa, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain) for providing the red-fleshed apples. A.P. has Torres Quevedo contract (Subprograma Estatal de Incorporación, Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación). NFOC-Salut group is a consolidated research group of Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain (2017 SGR522).

The present study aimed to evaluate the metabolism and bioavailability of anthocyanins (ACN) and other phenolics from red-fleshed apple (RFA) and to define the intake biomarkers compared to common white-fleshed apple (WFA). Acute and sustained (6-week) interventions were combined in a randomized, controlled and parallel study with 121 hypercholesterolemic subjects. Another arm consuming ACN-rich infusion from aronia fruit (ARO) provided matched content and profile of ACN. Plasma, urine and faeces samples were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS. Results showed higher bioavailability of ACN after ARO compared to RFA, showing a clear apple matrix effect. The dihydrochalcone phloretin-2′-O-glucuronide was the most discriminant intake biomarker of both apples. The urinary peonidin-3-O-galactoside was a good biomarker after both ARO and RFA intakes, whereas peonidin-O-arabinoside was reported to be specific from ARO. The elucidation of the phenolic metabolism and the selection of intake biomarkers is a promising approach to relate phenolic compounds and human health ; This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Economy and Competitiveness through the AGL2016-76943-C2-1-R and AGL2016-76943-C2-2-R projects (co-funded by the European Social Fund, European Union); M.J. Motilva thanks to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC for partial funding throught the "Ayudas incorporación a escalas científicas CSIC, 2018" (Reference 201870I129). L.R. was Sara Borrell postdoctoral contract and she is a Serra Húnter Fellow. I.A.L. enjoys a post-doctoral contract (2017PMF-POST2-19) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement and from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV). S.Y. was supported by a pre-doctoral grant from the University of Lleida.

The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic fate and the cardiometabolic effects of phenolic compounds (PC) provided by a red‐fleshed apple variety biofortified in anthocyanins (ACN). Wistar rats were feed with high‐fat diet (HFD) to induce hypercholesterolemia and supplemented with red‐fleshed apple (HFD+R), white‐fleshed apple (HFD+W) or an ACN‐rich infusion from aronia fruit (HFD+A) providing matched content and profile of ACN. Plasma biochemical parameters, histological analysis and phenol biological metabolites were determined. Plasma, urine and faeces showed a significant increase of ACN metabolites after HFD+R and HFD+A, while flavan‐3‐ols were significantly increased after HFD+W and dihydrochalcones derivatives increased after both apples supplementation. A cardioprotective effect was observed after both apples and aronia infusion supplementation in the reduction of aortic thickness. The kidney function was improved after all supplementations and a decrease in insulin plasma concentration after both apples supplementation (HFD+R and HFD+W) was also observed. Our findings support that ACN without apple matrix can induce cardioprotective effects. ACN or flavan‐3‐ols, together with dihydrochalcones, compose a phenolic phytocomplex in red and white‐fleshed apples, respectively, that could act synergistically in the attenuation of cardiovascular outcomes in hypercholesterolemic rats. ; This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Economy and Competitiveness through the AGL2016-76943-C2-1-R and AGL2016-76943-C2-2-R projects (co-funded by the European Social Fund, European Union). I.A.L. enjoys a post-doctoral contract (2017PMF-POST2-19) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement and from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV). S.Y. was supported by a grant from the University of Lleida. Ú.C. has a Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS) post-doctoral grant (SLT002/16/00239; Catalunya, Spain) from Generalitat de Catalunya. A.P. enjoys a post-doctoral grant (PTQ-15-08068; Spain). In addition, the authors are grateful to NUFRI SAT (Mollerussa, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain) for providing the red-fleshed apples. We are grateful to A. Martínez (Department of Medicine, University of Lleida) for helpful with the histological stains. Finally, we are grateful to SCT-Estabulari of the University of Lleida where the animal experiment was carried out.