Euclid: Forecast constraints on the cosmic distance duality relation with complementary external probes
[Context] In metric theories of gravity with photon number conservation, the luminosity and angular diameter distances are related via the Etherington relation, also known as the distance duality relation (DDR). A violation of this relation would rule out the standard cosmological paradigm and point to the presence of new physics. Aims. We quantify the ability of Euclid, in combination with contemporary surveys, to improve the current constraints on deviations from the DDR in the redshift range 0 < z < 1.6. ; [Methods] We start with an analysis of the latest available data, improving previously reported constraints by a factor of 2.5. We then present a detailed analysis of simulated Euclid and external data products, using both standard parametric methods (relying on phenomenological descriptions of possible DDR violations) and a machine learning reconstruction using genetic algorithms. ; [Results] We find that for parametric methods Euclid can (in combination with external probes) improve current constraints by approximately a factor of six, while for non-parametric methods Euclid can improve current constraints by a factor of three.; [Conclusions] Our results highlight the importance of surveys like Euclid in accurately testing the pillars of the current cosmological paradigm and constraining physics beyond the standard cosmological model. ; MM has received the support of a fellowship from "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434), with fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI19/11690015, and the support of the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion through the grant "IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2016-0597". The work of CJM was financed by FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia in the framework of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028987. S.N. acknowledges support from the research project PGC2018-094773-B-C32, the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Program SEV-2016-059 and the Ramón y Cajal program through Grant No. RYC-2014-15843. D.S. acknowledges financial support from the Fondecyt Regular project number 1200171. I.T. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through grant ESP2017-89838-C3-1-R, and the H2020 programme of the European Commission through grant 776247. A.A. acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/P000703/1. V.Y. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 769130)