Suchergebnisse

One of the most important terrains of the European search for new ways in politics between the two world wars was the debate on the reorganization and tasks of the state and, within it, of the economy and society. This topic dominated academic discourse in the 1920s and 1930s. The thinkers who sought answers—economists, philosophers, historians, sociologists, and ecclesiastics—could build on the work of early predecessors, reaching back as far as Thomas Aquinas's "organic view of society," later embodied in the economic and political theory of Jesuit solidarism. The common feature of the theories that emerged in the interwar period was that they approached the construction of the state not from the point of view of the individual, but from that of social groups. Vid Mihelics, a prominent exponent of these ideas in Hungary, devoted his journalistic, scientific, and political activities to the Hungarian Catholic revival. His interests focused on social issues and related teachings of the Church. His writings sought solutions through the ideas of Christian humanism, which for him was "the inalienable essence of true Europeanism." His writings can help us better understand how interconnected Hungarian intellectual life was with European trends in the interwar period. zachar.peter.krisztian@uni-nke.hu

A jelen tanulmányban a francia–német együttműködés aktuális fejlődésének néhány mozzanatát igyekszem megvilágítani, különös tekintettel a 2017 óta, azaz Macron elnök és Merkel kancellár időszakában meghirdetett új javaslatokra. A jelenleg formálódó új német kormány ugyanis számos tekintetben már uniós célként határozza meg az aacheni szerződésben foglalt törekvéseket. A két ország viszonyának fejlődését történelmi szempontok alapján többször és mélyrehatóan elemezték. A második világháború befejezése óta, de főleg az elmúlt évtizedekben, a kapcsolataikat mindig a jóakarat, az együttműködés, a kölcsönös megértés és az Európa megújítását célzó kezdeményezés jellemezte. Ezért a viszonyrendszerük és annak az európai politikára gyakorolt hatása a nemzetközi kapcsolatok elméletében is visszhangra talált. A tanulmány igyekszik felvázolni, milyen javaslatokat és milyen motivációk mentén igyekeznek a felek az európai egység érdekében megfogalmazni. Továbbá, hogy mi vezet a föderációs elképzelések erősödése irányába, és miért kerülhet sor a különösen látványos változásra a német gazdaságpolitikai felfogásban, amely a helyreállítási alap létrehozása kapcsán volt tetten érhető. A munka során kiemelten igyekszem bemutatni: a közös fellépés célja mindkét partner pozícióinak a megerősítése, ugyanakkor a közösségen belüli domináns vezető szerep fenntartása.

Abstract The recent study examines the philosophical background and thoughts of Hungarian Christian thinkers on a new state order between the two World Wars in Hungary. On the basis of historical sources and Hungarian literature, the author gives an insight into the political conditions and discussions of this time which emerged from the interpretation of papal encyclicals. The author also takes a deeper look at the theories of Vid Mihelics, Béla Kovrig and especially László Varga S.J. The article focuses on the creation of different organizations of vocational order in Hungary and the governmental attempts to initialize a new political and socio-economic system.

The recent study examines the philosophical background and thoughts of Hungarian Christian thinkers on a new state order between the two World Wars in Hungary. On the basis of historical sources and Hungarian literature, the author gives an insight into the political conditions and discussions of this time which emerged from the interpretation of papal encyclicals. The author also takes a deeper look at the theories of Vid Mihelics, Béla Kovrig and especially László Varga S.J. The article focuses on the creation of different organizations of vocational order in Hungary and the governmental attempts to initialize a new political and socio-economic system. ; El reciente estudio examina el trasfondo filosófico y los pensamientos de los pensadores cristianos húngaros sobre un nuevo orden de Estado entre las dos guerras mundiales en Hungría. Con base en fuentes históricas y de la literatura húngara, el autor ofrece una visión de las condiciones políticas y discusiones de este tiempo surgidas de la interpretación de las encíclicas, y papales, profundiza en las teorías de Vid Mihelics, Béla Kovrig y especialmente, László Varga S. J. El artículo se centra en la creación de diferentes organizaciones corporativas en Hungría y los intentos gubernamentales de comenzar un nuevo sistema político y socioeconómico. ; O estudo recente examina os fundamentos filosóficos e os pensamentos dos pensadores cristãos húngaros sobre uma nova ordem estatal entre as duas guerras mundiais na Hungria. Com base em fontes históricas e na literatura húngara, o autor dá uma visão das condições políticas e das discussões desse tempo emergentes da interpretação das encíclicas papais, e faz uma análise mais profunda das teorias de Vid Mihelics, Béla Kovrig e especialmente László Varga S.J. O artigo enfoca a criação de diferentes organizações corporativas na Hungria e as tentativas governamentais de inicializar um novo sistema político e socioeconômico.

In his study the author deals with the question of the corporative organization of the young Slovenian state. In the first part of his writing the author presents the theory and development of corporative ideas after WWII. He sums up the main theories of Philippe C. Schmitter and Gerhard Lehmbruch, the two main thinkers of modern corporatism and shows how these theories influenced the development of societal/liberal corporatism. The author introduces the concept of concertation, the new decision-making process of the modern corporative state and differentiates it from the classic pressure politics of liberalism. After the theoretical background in the second part of his study the author gives an introspection into the forms of Slovenian corporative cooperation. First of all, he describes the main organizations of the tripartite political processes: the employers' chambers and associations (e.g. Gospodarska zbornica Slovenije, Trgovinska zbornica Slovenije, Združenje delodajalcev Slovenije) and the employees' unions (e.g. Zveza svobodnih sindikatov Slovenije, Konfedearcija sindikatov Slovenije Pergam, Konfederacija sindikatov 90 Slovenije). At the end of his work he shows the function of the classical corporative forums in Slovenia: the Economic and Social Council (Ekonomsko-socialni svet Slovenije, ESSS) and the National Council (Državni Svet). The author's conclusions are unambiguous: after the successful achievement of independence and freedom, Slovenia managed to create one of the most effective organizational models of modern (societal/liberal) corporatism and uses the process of concertation fruitful for his economic stability and social welfare.