Suchergebnisse

Not Available ; Indian oil sardines, commercially and ecologically important pelagic fishes in Indian waters have not been the focus of major genetic studies as compared to their counter parts in Atlantic and Pacific oceans in spite of several reports suggesting stock complexity and intraspecific diversity. Hence, we investigated the genetic stock structure of Indian oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps using microsatellite markers by collecting a total of 768 individuals from eight locations along the Indian coast and one from Gulf of Oman over a 2 year period (2013–2015). Six polymorphic microsatellite markers revealed significant genetic differentiation between populations with the highest FST value (0.055) between Oman and Indian coastline. Within the Indian coastline another major subdivision between Mumbai & Mangalore vs. other regions was detected (FST value 0.047) which was also confirmed in Barrier analysis with the presence of two strong barriers between these eco-regions. There exist pronounced differences in oceanographic and environmental features between Gulf of Oman, Western Indian Ocean and Eastern Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal) which may act as barriers for effective dispersal and gene flow resulting in genetic differentiation. Even though, the samples collected from Calicut, Kollam, Trivandrum, Chennai and Vizag showed the presence of admixed genotypes, the possible presence of distinct populations in some regions was evident in Bayesian analysis which needs to be confirmed further using more widespread sampling design and powerful markers. The present study provided insights into the biocomplexity and intra-specific diversity of Indian oil sardine populations, which needs to be preserved for maintaining resilience of these important fishes to climate change and habitat alterations in the Indian Ocean. ; Not Available

Not Available ; India's marine fisheries development has been guided in the past by the five-year plans and by the policy documents of 1994 and 2004 brought out by the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries (DADF), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, Government of India. As a renewable natural resource, fish harvests need to be ecologically and economically sustainable to ensure equity and livelihood security to fishers. Numbering nearly 40 lakhs, fishers and allied workers are one of the economically weaker sections of the society and their well-being and economic development is of paramount importance to the country. In order to uplift this section of the society, meet the food security and also to ensure sustainable harvests of fishery resources, comprehensive policies are necessary. ; Not Available

Not Available ; India's marine fisheries development has been guided in the past by the five-year plans and by the policy documents of 1994 and 2004 brought out by the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries (DADF), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, Government of India. As a renewable natural resource, fish harvests need to be ecologically and economically sustainable to ensure equity and livelihood security to fishers. Numbering nearly 40 lakhs, fishers and allied workers are one of the economically weaker sections of the society and their well-being and economic development is of paramount importance to the country. In order to uplift this section of the society, meet the food security and also to ensure sustainable harvests of fishery resources, comprehensive policies are necessary. ; Not Available

Not Available ; Erratic monsoon and extreme climatic events cause considerable damage to life and property of the fishers in the country. Cuddalore District has been the worst affected of all districts in Tamil Nadu, in the recent past with the tsunami in 2004, cyclone Thane in 2011 and cyclone Neelam in 2012 creating a detrimental impact on coastal communities and their activities, particularly fishing. This in turn has affected their livelihood to a great extent. This coastal zone is largely low-lying with gentle slope, thus making it highly vulnerable to climate related changes. The vulnerability of this region to climate change and its devastating effects necessitates identifying vulnerability indices to assist in developing proactive policies by local government bodies in better disaster management. The vulnerability index of ten coastal villages of Cuddalore District was computed using Parameter, Attribute, Resilient indicator and Score (PARS) method. The study showed that the Cuddalore coast is highly vulnerable to climate change and related sea level rise. The villages of Pettodai, Reddiarpettai and Sothikuppam of Cuddalore District were identifified as most vulnerable. The outcome of this study will be of use in the protection of coastal livelihoods and planning better adaptation policies and mitigation plans. ; Not Available

Not Available ; Climate change, a global challenge facing mankind necessitates governments to develop mitigation and adaptation plans. The climate change has multidimensional impacts on environment, fishery, social, economic and development drivers. The perception level of the primary stakeholders leads to their proactive participation in disaster management plans. The present paper assessed the vulnerability of 318 fisher households in Alappuzha District of Kerala using PARS (parameter, attribute, resilient indicator and score) methodology. The methodology provides prioritisation and ranking of the different impacts as perceived by the fishers on environment, fishery and socio-economic parameters. The vulnerability indices were worked out for the fisher households. The fisher's perception revealed that fishery was most impacted followed by economic and environmental impacts. Social impact was the least as opined by fishers. The study indicates that long term effects of climate change aren't realised/perceived/impacted much among the fisher households. The fishers were more prone to loss in fishing days due to erratic monsoon. The results suggest immediate need to improve the primary stakeholders awareness by involving them in disaster preparedness, management and mitigation planning as well as implementation process. ; Not Available

Not Available ; The State of Maharashtra has vast stretches of estuaries, creeks and mangrove swamps, which offers great potential for aquaculture, particularly for mud crab farming. In view of the natural resources and market potential for mud crab, the Department of Forests, Government of Maharashtra plans to promote mud crab farming through a novel approach, which aims at providing livelihood support to the local communities utilizing the mangrove wetlands; thereby the local communities also shoulder the responsibility of conservation of mangroves. In this backdrop, a study was conducted to identify the suitable sites for sustainable mud crab culture, in GIS environment, based on various physical and environmental criteria including topography, soil types, landuse systems, vegetation, water quality, water availability, salinity, risks of flooding, infrastructure, seed resources and availability, market and support services. The brackishwater stretches of Anjarle, Kelshi, Aade, Velas and Ansure in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra were studied, and all study stations had patchy to thick mangrove vegetation. The major mangrove species encountered were: Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizophora mucronata and Acanthus ilicifolius. The pH of water was near-neutral to alkaline, whereas dissolved oxygen levels were found to be within the ideal range. The salinity of the tidal creeks ranged from 7.24 ppt (Velas) to 35.9 ppt (Ansure) which generally varies with the tide. The ammonia levels which ranged from 0 (Aade and Ansure) to 0.5 ppm (Kelshi), falls within the safe levels for Available online at: www.mbai.org.in doi:10.6024/jmbai.2017.59.2.2014-05 aquaculture. The sediment pH ranged from 6.2 to 8.32. The organic carbon levels in sediment ranged from 0.27 to 2.94% indicating medium to high productive nature of sediment. Samples of mud crab collected from the study areas were processed for screening for WSSV infection. All samples gave Negative results in primary as well as nested PCRs, indicating the absence of WSSV in the wild mud crab population. Integrating the analysis result along with supporting spatial data with the aid of GIS and Remote Sensing techniques, a total of 10.063 ha have been evaluated as suitable areas for mud crab farming along the brackishwater stretches of Anjarle (1.91 ha), Aade (2.069 ha), Kelshi (1.77 ha), Velas (0.538 ha) and Ansure (3.776 ha). ; Not Available

Not Available ; Many coastal communities rely on living marine resources for livelihoods and food security. These resources are commonly under stress from overfishing, pollution, coastal development and habitat degradation. Climate change is an additional stressor beginning to impact coastal systems and communities, but may also lead to opportunities for some species and the people they sustain. We describe the research approach for a multi-country project, focused on the southern hemisphere, designed to contribute to improving fishing community adaptation efforts by characterizing, assessing and predicting the future of coastal-marine food resources, and codeveloping adaptation options through the provision and sharing of knowledge across fast-warming marine regions (i.e. marine 'hotspots'). These hotspots represent natural laboratories for observing change and concomitant human adaptive responses, and for developing adaptation options and management strategies. Focusing on adaptation options and strategies for enhancing coastal resilience at the local level will contribute to capacity building and local empowerment in order to minimise negative outcomes and take advantage of opportunities arising from climate change. However, developing comparative approaches across regions that differ in political institutions, socio-economic community demographics, resource dependency and research capacity is challenging. Here, we describe physical, biological, social and governance tools to allow hotspot comparisons, and several methods to evaluate and enhance interactions within a multi-nation research team. Strong partnerships within and between the focal regions are critical to scientific and political support for development of effective approaches to reduce future vulnerability. Comparing these hotspot regions will enhance local adaptation responses and generate outcomes applicable to other regions. ; Not Available