Suchergebnisse

The European Union must find a collective and distinctive voice to seek to rein in Israel's bombardment of Gaza.

The Euro-Med is facing one of its toughest years. Structural problems, that earned the North Mediterranean economies the unenviable acronym of PIGS (Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain), and grouped the Southern Mediterranean countries among the world's most autocratic regimes, have been compounded by the debt crisis in Europe and by unrest and revolutions in the Arab world. Although both coasts remain in a state of flux, this paper attempts to describe the current situation in the region and offers some thoughts on the challenges and prospects facing the Euro-Med. ; peer-reviewed

This article examines the possible long‐run effects of the Sex Discrimination Act upon output, male wages and female wages after the hypothetical abolition of occupational differentials between men and women in Britain. If male and female employment distributions were equalised on the assumption that men and women had the same productive characteristics and no employers' discrimination were allowed, then the movement of female workers from low‐paid to high‐paid occupations should result in efficiency gains and an increase in female wages probably at low losses to male wages. The findings of our simulations indicate that the improvement in female wages would be considerable at little cost to male wages. Efficiency gains are found to depend crucially on the assumed elasticity of substitution between female and male labour, but it is more likely that gains would be much higher than those suggested by other related studies on the misallocation of labour. This should not be a surprise because women are the largest "minority" group and are also the most underutilised factor of production.

Liberal economists view equal pay legislation for women as a distortion of market signals; interventionists approve of it for this very reason. Dr Zafiris Tzannatos, of the University of Buckingham, contends that unexpectedly, such legislation may have released the labour market from longer‐standing prejudicial distortions.

Intro -- Contents -- Tables, Figures, and Boxes -- Foreword -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Acronyms -- 1 Introduction and Summary -- 2 Economic Effects of Labor Standards -- 3 Collective Bargaining and Economic Performance - A Short Review of the Theory -- 4 Empirical Evidence from Microeconomic Studies -- 5 Empirical Evidence from Macroeconomic Studies -- Appendix 1 Definition and Description of the Indicators of Bargaining Coordination -- Appendix 2 Substudies -- Selected Glossary -- References -- Index.

Labour Economics: An Overview of Some Recent Theoretical and Empirical Developments; D.Sapsford & Z.Tzannatos -- Home-Production and the Allocation of Time; A.Cigno -- The Theory of Search in Labour Markets; C.J.McKenna -- Implicit Contract Theory; A.Manning -- Union Bargaining: A Survey of Recent Work; A.Ulph & D.Ulph -- Strikes: Models and Evidence; D.Sapsford -- Segmented Labour Markets; R.McNabb & P.Ryan -- The Economics of Discrimination: Theory and British Evidence; Z.Tzannatos -- The Labour Market in the Open Economy; G.Alogoskoufis -- Profit Sharing; S.Estrin & S.Wadhwani -- End Notes -- References -- Index.

The problem of child labor has moved from a matter of regional and national concern to one of international debate and possible global persuasion and policy intervention. In crafting policy for mitigating this enormous problem of our times, it is important to start with a proper theoretical and empirical understanding of the phenomenon. What gives rise to child labor, and what are its consequences? What interventions might end child labor without hurting children? A well-meaning but poorly designed policy can exacerbate the poverty in which these laboring children live, even leading to starvation. The article surveys the large and rapidly growing literature on this subject, focusing mainly on the new literature based on modern economic theory and econometrics. It also looks at some of the broad policy implications of these new findings, with the objective of contributing to better informed discussion and policy design.