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The link between education and politics is understood by the community in two ways. First there are community groups who say that education is education and politics is political or between the two is separate. Secondly there are groups of people who argue that the two are interrelated. in a narrow sense, it needs to be remembered that politics in the narrow sense is interpreted as part of society as a politics of national life in which there is competition between certain groups or groups to fight for a desired position or position by justifying any means. Politics in education actually exists, an example; a vocational school principal who decides the policy of apprenticeship patterns for his students, whether that decision cannot be considered a political decision. Another example is the regulations concerning education that the government decides in the form of policies or guidelines are actually political decisions as well

This paper discusses the concept of caliphate which is one of the substances of Islamic education learning in Islamic School, and the development of its paradigm toward a form of contextualization of the vision, mission and strategy of national education development. This study focuses on several changes in the content of the Islamic Education Studies and Arabic Studies which included in KMA 183 in 2019, the lesson of caliphate has been moved from the Fiqh subject to Islamic Cultural History. This study uses an interpretive descriptive approach, which is a method and approach in the study of beliefs, ideas and discourses that are developing around the KMA 183 policy. This study produces a conclusion about policy-making from various aspects, one of them is an effort to contextualize the Islamic Education Studies. and Arabic Studies in order to be "in tuned" with the vision and mission of the national education strategy. The author concludes that the reconstruction of khilafah's term from the context of Islamic law to Islamic civilization actually builds a new wave of Islamic political treasures which not only touch the cognitive area, but also become a reflection as well as actualization in the dimensions of social life.

The link between education and politics is understood by the community in two ways. First there are community groups who say that education is education and politics is political or between the two is separate. Secondly there are groups of people who argue that the two are interrelated. in a narrow sense, it needs to be remembered that politics in the narrow sense is interpreted as part of society as a politics of national life in which there is competition between certain groups or groups to fight for a desired position or position by justifying any means. Politics in education actually exists, an example; a vocational school principal who decides the policy of apprenticeship patterns for his students, whether that decision cannot be considered a political decision. Another example is the regulations concerning education that the government decides in the form of policies or guidelines are actually political decisions as well

The issue of men and women is very interesting whenconnected with Islamic discourse, which is indeed onecomponent in various social, cultural and even politicalchanges. Various efforts have been made to develop theseissues starting from the deconstruction of the Islamictreasure to its reconstruction efforts. One of the subjects ofstudy is the problem of male and female relations.In the context of these relations, men are always perceivedas having a public role area and women are considered asthe rulers and determinants of domestic roles. Therefore,both are assumed to have different areas of self-actualization.This cultural barrier, according to feminists, is a cultural andcultural heritage both from primitive society, agrarian society,and modern society. On the other hand a lot of understandingof the text was found to strengthen and even contribute toperpetuating the construction of the culture, which notesthat the texts were derived from patriarchal Arabic culture,so that the interpretation is always gender-biased. Whereasin different approaches there are many texts which actuallysupport the equality of relations between men and women.

Agama dan politik memiliki relasi yang sangatlah unik, dan menarik. Keduanya kadang bermula dari perseteruan dan bertepi dengan kemesraan. Artikel ini membahas tentang potret politik Islam di Indonesia. Temuan artikel menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia hanyalah sekelumit contoh faktaneka hostoris betapa agama t elah melakukan fungsi kritisnya sebagai medium kritik sosial sebuah masyarakat sekaligus sarana perubahan politik sebuah tatanan kekuasaan. Bukan hanya agama, politik juga sering melawan, mengintimidasi, dan menghancurkan agama. Diskriminasi ulama dan pemuka agama yang ghalib terjadi akhir-akhir ini di setiap jengkal tanah dalam buaian ibu pertiwi adalah faktaneka historis yang tak terbantahkan. Dengan kata lain, hubungan sekaligus nasib agama dan politik akan ditentukan oleh otoritas mana yang paling kuat dan dominan dari keduanya serta bagaimana karakter para elit politik dan elit agama yang kebetulan berkuasa. Jika politik menjadi 'superordinat', maka agama akan berpotensi menjadi 'subordinat'. Begitu pula sebaliknya.

Abstrak: Dalam mereformasi hukum di Indonesia, Islamisasi hukum nasional masih menjadi pilihan utama dibanding melakukan nasionalisasi, formalisasi, dan lokalisasi hukum Islam. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengungkap bagaimana hubungan agama dan negara berpengaruh pada arah legislasi hukum Islam di Indonesia. Melalui pendekatan kajian literatur, disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh tersebut umumnya merefleksikan tampilan formalitas semata. Hampir semua negara dengan sistem hukum berbasis agama atau berlatar belakang keagamaan pun bersentuhan dengan sekularisasi hukum. Demikian halnya negara-negara sekular, adopsi unsur agama menjadi pilihan dan semakin memperlihatkan signifikansinya sebagai kebutuhan dunia global. Di Indonesia, paradigma relasi simbiosis agama-negara masih akan mengawal politik hukum nasional yang memberi tempat peran syariah substantif mewarnai potret legislasi hukum Islam.Abstract: Direction of Islamic Law Legislation in Indonesia in the Perspectives of Religion and State Interaction. In the process of legal reform in Indonesia, the Islamization of national law has still become primary option instead of nationalization, formalization and localization of Islamic law. This paper aims to unveil the extent to which the influence of interaction between religion and state on legislation of Islamic law in Indonesia. By means of literature review approach, it is concluded that such influence generally reflects a mere formality. Almost all countries with religious based legal systems or religious background was involved in the secularization of law. Similarly in most secular countries, the adoption of the religious element has become as an alternative and demonstrated its growing significance as a global exigencies. In Indonesia, the symbiotic paradigm of religion- state relations still give an avenue for the role of sharia substantive legislation within diversity portrait of Islamic law.Kata Kunci: hukum Islam, interaksi agama dan negara, legislasi, Indonesia

Discussing the most pressing global challenges, this book suggests ways for the Obama Administration to tackle them in a holistic manner. In particular, the book proposes effective measures for various problems like the war on terror, resolution of the Arab-Israeli dispute, and forging of better relations with the Muslim World.

This book discusses the most pressing global challenges, and suggests ways for the Obama Administration to tackle them in a holistic manner. In particular, the book proposes effective measures for various problems like the war on terror, resolution of the Arab-Israeli dispute, forging of better relations with the Muslim World, resetting of relations with Russia, prevention of nuclear proliferation particularly with regards to Iran and North Korea, improvement of the effectiveness of the United Nations, and finding ways for international cooperation to repair and arrest the damage to the environment due to global warming and climate change.

The paper sets out to examine the housing conditions, both
quantitative and qualitative vis-a-vis population growth, particularly
with reference to such factors as rural-urban migration, escalating
prices of housing materials and the role of government agencies dealing
in loans and plots distribution during the last two decades.
Subsequently, the housing shortage is estimated by taking the habitation
density level of 1960 as a bench mark. While analysing the quality of
housing, composition of housing by the type of construction and various
housing facilities available in them is considered.

To many social theoreticians, the population explosion,
particularly in the developing nations presents a crippling threat to
their developmental pro¬cesses. Their argument's validity rests mainly
on the assumption that expected economic progress is swallowed up by
unbalanced rise of numbers in the population. The book being reviewed
deals mainly with this subject matter and is divided into two parts,
each containing three articles contributed by various researchers. Part
one, 'The Social context of Fertility Decision' is focused on analyzing
the role of factors affecting fertility at the micro-level decision
making process. The first article 'Fertility decision in rural India' by
Vinod Jainath, examines the applicability to rural India of various
models of the process of fertility decision making and finds most of
these wanting with respect to the Indian social situation. While
analyzing the fertility patterns of Rural India, he points out the
positive need for larger families among the poor small farmers mainly
due to labour supply considerations. The author argues that unemployment
and under¬employment actually motivate the poor to have more children as
it better ensures their economic security in their old age. As the
chances of gaining employ¬ment for their offspring diminish, they are
induced to increase the total number of children in order that atleast
one will be able to support them. Thus a vicious circle of poverty
arises in large families because of each of the parents wanting to
increase their children's chances of employment by ultimately reducing
the overall employment opportunities even further and exacerbating their
poverty.