Suchergebnisse

Progress has been achieved in recent decades in the study of the coins of the Golden Horde at the final stage of its existence. However, the late emissions of Juchid coin of 15-th century are still insufficiently studied. This prevents the full use of numismatic sources for the adequate reconstruction of political events of that turbulent time. The paper is aimed at the publication and preliminary analysis of the main types of Saray's silver dangs of Juchid khan of 15-th century with name Muhammad. These issues are very poorly represented in scientific articles: of nine types analyzed in the paper only one was properly published with graphic reconstruction of dies. For the first time dangs, which are the subject of this article, were mentioned (without graphic reconstructions) in the famous work of Hh.M. Frähn "Recensio numorum Muhammedanorum", published in 1826. In A.K. Markov's "Inventory Catalog of Muslim Coins of the Imperial Hermitage" (1896) there is no mention of the Saray's dangs of either Ulugh- Muhammad or Muhammad b. Timur. In 2004 V.P.Lebedev and V.B. Klokov had information about 8 coins, which are the subject of this article, and attributed these dangs to the issues of Ulugh-Muhammad. Enlarged photographic images of silver coins with metrology (most of which are first introduced into scientific circulation) of Juchid khan of 15-th century with name Muhammad are presented in the article. Nine types of late Juchid silver dangs with the name and titles of khan Muhammad on the obverse and the designation of mint on the reverse as Saray, Saray al-Jadida, Saray al-Mahrusa are published. Reconstruction and translation of monetary legends, as well as preliminary analysis of emissions, are given. The place of issue on the coins is indicated as a Saray (without the epithet or with al-Jadida or al-Mahrusa). But this fact alone does not allow to state with complete confidence that these dangs were minted there. With regard to the silver emissions of the XIV century, it is proved that the coins in some cases ...

The object of the study are the imitations of dang of Said-Ahmad II Khan. It can be stated that the area of their manufacture and circulation was situated on the left bank of the Dnieper river. Two groups of imitations can be distinguished: southern (the southern part of Kherson region) and northern (Poltava region). Many imitations of the northern group have countermarks. Taking into account the fact that imitations of Said-Ahmad II dangs were minted at a lower weight rate than his original coins it can be assumed that these imitative issues were struck later. Interest in the dangs of Said-Ahmad II is not accidental. It is known that after the capture of Said-Ahmad in Kyiv, part of the Tatars of his horde did not want to subordinate to the victorious khans and for more than a decade made raids on Russian lands. Russian chroniclers called them 'Said-Ahmad's Tatars'. It can be said that these 'Sаid-Ahmad's Tatars' issued their coins to meet the needs of local money circulation in the 1450 s — the first half of the 1460 s, deliberately imitating the dangs of Said-Ahmad II.