Suchergebnisse

Die Erderhitzung und das Überschreiten mehrerer planetaren Grenzen erfordern einen raschen und umfassenden Umbau der gesamten Produktion und eine Neuorientierung des Konsums. Unterschiedliche Vorschläge für einen Green New Deal antworten auf diese Herausforderung. Sie wollen den Kapitalismus mit institutionellen Reformen auf eine ökologisch nachhaltige Entwicklungsweise schieben. Ich argumentiere, dass diese Vorstöße den ökologischen Herausforderungen nicht genügen und ökonomisch unrealistisch sind.

Elternratgeber sind ein beliebtes Buchgenre. Diese Pionierstudie zeigt, wie eng deren Entwicklung seit der Epoche der Aufklärung mit der modernen Kleinfamilie verwoben ist. Unter Rückgriff auf Denkfiguren der Kritischen Theorie lotet der Autor das Spannungsfeld von lebensweltlichem Erziehungshandeln und den Wissensbeständen von Erziehungsexperten aus. Er arbeitet heraus, wie Ratgeber dazu eingesetzt werden, sich von der Prägung durch die eigenen Eltern zu distanzieren und so die Familienerziehung sensibler und kindzentrierter zu gestalten.

Concentration and centralization of capital are also expressed in the transfer and appropriation by companies of values that were created in other organizations and social contexts. This reflects the rising power of finance capital and the imposition of a global rent regime. The paper presents the dynamics of the concentration and centralization of capital in the combined pharmaceutical and biotech industry. Oligopolistic rivalry is a key process. Despite of processes of vertical and horizontal disintegration the large oligopolistic rivals maintain or even extend their power. They are able to enforce different forms of rent income. However, the large pharmaceutical companies face some fundamental challenges. Further acquisitions are likely to happen in near future.

"Concentration and centralization of capital are also expressed in the transfer and appropriation by companies of values that were created in other organizations and social contexts. This reflects the rising power of finance capital and the imposition of a global rent regime. The paper presents the dynamics of the concentration and centralization of capital in the combined pharmaceutical and biotech industry. Oligopolistic rivalry is a key process. Despite of processes of vertical and horizontal disintegration the large oligopolistic rivals maintain or even extend their power. They are able to enforce different forms of rent income. However, the large pharmaceutical companies face some fundamental challenges. Further acquisitions are likely to happen in near future." (author's abstract)

The increasing power of concentrated financial capital is accompanied by an extension of processes of commodification and procedures of dispossession similar to forms of original accumulation. This continuing and reinforced accumulation by dispossession in its different guises is capital's answer to the problem of over-accumulation. As a form of dispossessing accumulation, the implementation and extension of intellectual property monopolies is of particular importance. In the context of an increasing socialization of labor, in particular of innovative activities, the private appropriation of knowledge in the form of intellectual property monopolies and its commercial valorization has become a central characteristic of the current configuration of capitalism. Income based on such property titles has become an important form of the appropriation of resources in the finance-dominated accumulation regime. The article applies Marxian rent theory to intellectual property monopolies. Findings from the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries illustrate how, based on specific power relations, the owners of property titles can appropriate resources and values. Rent extraction processes take place on different scales, from the enforcement of property monopolies over gene sequences to the role of the USA as a rentier state on a global scale. Adapted from the source document.

The emergence of a finance-dominated accumulation is accompanied by an extension of processes of commodification & procedures of dispossession similar to forms of original accumulation. This is an answer of capital to the problem of over-accumulation. As an expression of dispossessing accumulation, the implementation & extension of intellectual property monopolies is of particular importance. In the context of an increasing socialization of labor, in particular of innovative activities, the private appropriation of knowledge in the shape of intellectual property monopolies & its commercial valorization has become a strategic goal of firms. Income based on such property titles has developed into a central form of the appropriation of resources in the finance-dominated accumulation regime. The article applies the Marxian rent theory to the intellectual property monopolies. Findings from the pharmaceutical & biotechnology industries reveal the growing importance of appropriation mechanisms of knowledge by firms & the contradictory effects of intellectual property monopolies. Based on specific power relations the owners of property titles can appropriate resources & values. Rent extraction processes take place on different scales: they reach from the enforcement of property monopolies over gene sequences up to the role of the USA as a rentier state on a global scale. Hence, the global configuration of this regime of intellectual property monopolies is highly hierarchical. References. Adapted from the source document.

"In Auseinandersetzung mit der marxistischen Diskussion um die sog. ursprüngliche Akkumulation und mit rezenten Beispielen aus der Biotechnologie- und Pharmaindustrie kontextualisiert der Beitrag des Verfassers intellektuelle Eigentumsrechte im Setting des globalen Kapitalismus. In diesem bildet laut Zeller die Erlangung von monopolisierten Eigentumstiteln an intellektuellen Ressourcen und die damit einhergehende Enteignung eine immer zentralere Strategie, auf die tendenzielle Überakkumulation im globalen finanzdominierten Akkumulationsregime zu reagieren. Die dadurch erzielten Gewinne analysiert Zeller als Renten, wodurch er zeigen will, dass ähnlich wie bei der Enteignung bzw. Aneignung des Bodens durch das Kapital es auch bei der Einhegung intellektueller Eigentumstitel darum geht, Einkommen auf lange Zeit festzuschreiben, das fortlaufend global produzierten Mehrwert abschöpft. Diese theoretische Einbindung sektoraler und lokaler Auseinandersetzungen um Eigentumsrechte in den global hierarchisierten bzw. imperialistischen Kontext wirft nicht zuletzt die brisante Frage auf, ob diese Auseinandersetzungen ohne entscheidende Veränderungen der globalen Systembedingungen erfolgsversprechend sind." (Autorenreferat)