Political corruption is one of the structural factors aggravating national poverty, on which there is a consensus. However, it remains controversial what factors constrain the causal mechanisms by which political corruption worsens national poverty. This paper analyzed this using different models with the global panel data of 117 counties from 1992 to 2017, including the instrumental variable model. The authors found that: (1) There was a significant positive correlation between political corruption and national poverty, (2) Political corruption exacerbating national poverty was constrained by primary education and the Gini index, which played a mediating role, (3) The level of foreign direct investment and public services moderated the relationship between political corruption and national poverty. Finally, the authors discussed the potential implications beyond national poverty for theory, method, and policy.
Guang Wang,1,2 Yong Li,3 Dongxia Zhang,4 Songtao Zhao,4 Qiong Zhang,4 Chao Luo,2 Xiaochuan Sun,1 Bingqian Zhang5 1Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; 3Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; 4National Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; 5Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, People's Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bingqian Zhang Department of Clinical MedicineChongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82 of University-Town Middle Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of ChinaTel/ Fax +86-23-61969151Email _zhang@yeah.netXiaochuan SunDepartment of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of ChinaTel/ Fax +86-23-89011012Email xiaochuan_sun@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to elucidate the biological function and upstream regulatory mechanism of CELSR1 in glioma.Materials and Methods: We evaluated the expression of CELSR1 in glioma by TCGA_GEPIA tool, RT-qPCR, and Western blot assays. CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays were, respectively, performed to detect the effect of CELSR1 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The upstream regulatory miRNAs of CELSR1 were predicted by TargetScan and validated by luciferase activity reporter assay.Results: CELSR1 is overexpressed in glioma (P< 0.05). CELSR1 promoted glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion (P< 0.01). CELSR1 was a direct target of miR-199a-5p. miR199a-5p mimics significantly inhibited CELSR1 mRNA and protein expression (P< 0.01). miR199a-5p mimics reversed the effects of CELSR1 on glioma cell behaviors (P< 0.01).Conclusion: CELSR1 acts as an oncogene promoting glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which is regulated by miR199a-5p.Keywords: CELSR1, miR-199a-5p, glioma, proliferation, migration, invasion
