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The series Trends in Applied Linguistics meets the challenges of the rapidly growing field of applied linguistics. In a very broad sense, applied linguistics is understoodby focusing on the application of theoretical linguistics to current problems arising in different contexts of human society. Given the interdisciplinary character of applied linguistics, the series includes cognitive, psycholinguistic, sociolinguistic and educational perspectives. The following topicsare included in the series: Second language acquisition and the acquisition of additional languages Bilingual and multilingual education Language planning and language policy Literacy skills Second/foreign language pedagogy Translation and interpretation Language for specific purposes Discourse analysis Language testing and assessment Child language Language and gender Pragmatics and rhetorics Corpus analysis Critical pedagogies Research methodology in applied linguistics Language and technology.

Introduction -- The institutional structure, state and state-owned financial institutional arrangements -- Monetization and financial control by the state -- Financial support to the gradual reform -- The model of money demand during transition -- Transitional arrangements of the financial system -- Dilemma of property rights under the state-owned financial system and the path of solution -- Appendix: Benefit and cost of financial control by the state : item data -- References -- Index

"By virtue of several theoretical models and hypotheses, this book is one of the earliest studies which systematically investigate the structure and changes of Chinas financial institutions. To begin with, it examines the relation between state utility function and Chinas economic growth, and reveals the formation and transition of Chinas state-owned financial institutional arrangements. Based on the analysis above, the author studies the influence of monetization on the arrangements, and the financial support to Chinas gradual reform which has long been neglected by researchers. Also, the model of money demand that can explain the specific conditions of the gradual reform is built, as the neoclassical framework has been incapable to explain Chinas financial performance. In the last chapter, it discusses the dilemma of property rights under the state-owned financial system, with the establishment of Credit Equilibrium Model and Dual Model of Bad Debts. With insightful theoretical analysis and empirical researches, this book will appeal to scholars and students in finance, economics and economic history."--Provided by publisher.

A retrospective analysis of the development of Russian-Chinese relations in the early 1990s is based on historical documents stored in the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation. Attention is focused on the negotiations between the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation and the Peoples Republic of China before the historic event of the first visit of Russian President B.N. Yeltsin to China, held on December 17-19, 1992. This analysis makes it possible to further consider the essence and specifics of state relations between Russia and China from the perspective of sustainable development of relations between the two powers in the 21st century.

China and Pakistan have promoted the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) to Afghanistan after the Taliban took over. China aims to help Afghanistan improve its security situation and expand the Belt and Road Initiative, while Pakistan hopes to expand its strategic depth in Afghanistan against India and to prevent the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan from extending its influence. However, Afghanistan faces multiple challenges in the CPEC, including the turbulent security situation and intervention from the United States, India and other countries.

Frontmatter -- Preface: The paradox of the concomitant rise of China and English -- Acknowledgement -- Contents -- List of abbreviations and acronyms -- Chapter 1 The Modern Olympic Games as linguistically complex events -- Chapter 2 Remaking China in the Olympic spotlight -- Chapter 3 Researching the LPP for the 2008 Beijing Olympics -- Chapter 4 Beijing's commitment - international language environment -- Chapter 5 Assessing Beijing's foreign language environment -- Chapter 6 Imagined communities and identity options in Beijing Olympic English textbooks -- Chapter 7 The linguistic landscape of the Olympic city -- Chapter 8 China's Olympic language services - legacy, transformation and prospect -- Chapter 9 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Appendix 1: List of interview participants -- Appendix 2: Key to transcription conventions -- Index