Suchergebnisse

Abstract

Background
To enhance the precision of measuring, analyzing, and forecasting care needs for older adults with physical and/or mental disabilities, we developed the Physical Disability Index (PDI) and Mental Disability Index (MDI). Furthermore, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the PDI and MDI. Additionally, we investigate their associations with falls to further indicate the predictive validity.


Methods
A total of 11,621 older adults (53.1% women; mean age=83.2; SD=10.8) from 23 provinces in China were investigated in 2017-2018 to assess the reliability and validity of the PDI and MDI among older adults aged 65 to 105. Among which, 6,071 older adults with both baseline (2017-2018) and follow-up (2021) data were included in analyses to evaluate associations between the baseline health status determined by PDI and MDI and the number and severity of falls at baseline and follow-up. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine internal consistency. The convergent and divergent validity, known-group validity and concurrent validity were assessed. Multinomial logistic regression models were utilized to assess associations.


Results
We found satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.70) of the PDI and MDI in the total sample and sex-specific subgroups. Our results support the convergent and divergent validity, known-group validity, and concurrent validity of the PDI and MDI. We also found baseline physical disability and comorbid physical and mental disability are associated with a higher risk of baseline and follow-up falls.


Conclusions
The PDI and MDI are reliable and valid instruments to assess physical and mental disability status among older adults respectively.

International audience ; Introduction : More than 70% of world mortality is due to chronic conditions. Furthermore, it has been proven that social determinants have an enormous impact on both health-related behaviour and on the received attention from healthcare services. These determinants cause health inequalities. The objective of this study is to reduce the burden of chronic diseases in five European regions, hereby focusing on vulnerable populations, and to increase the sustainability of health systems by implementing a chronic disease self-management programme (CDSMP).Methods and analysis : 2000 people with chronic conditions or informal caregivers belonging to vulnerable populations, will be enrolled in the CDSMP in Spain, Italy, the UK, France and the Netherlands. Inclusion of patients will be based on geographical, socio economic and clinical stratification processes. The programme will be evaluated in terms of self-efficacy, quality of life and cost-effectiveness using a combination of validated questionnaires at baseline and 6 months from baseline.Ethics and dissemination : This study will follow the directives of the Helsinki Declaration and will adhere to the European Union General Data Protection Regulation. The project's activities, progress and outcomes will be disseminated via promotional materials, the use of mass media, online activities, presentations at events and scientific publications.