Suchergebnisse

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer novel and complementary insights into the relationship between product modularity and product innovation by investigating the mediating role of module suppliers' relationship-specific investments which include both property-based relationship-specific investment (PRSI) and knowledge-based relationship-specific investment (KRSI).Design/methodology/approachThis paper is an empirical study based on structural equation modelling, with a sample of 121 core firms of high-tech modular cooperation in China.FindingsThe findings indicated that product modularity had a significant positive effect on product innovation; product modularity was positively related to module suppliers' PRSI; module suppliers' KRSI had a direct effect on product innovation while PRSI had an indirect effect on product innovation through KRSI; the relationship between product modularity and product innovation was serially multi-mediated by module suppliers' PRSI and KRSI.Practical implicationsModular product design and modular cooperation governance guidance for core firms and cooperative investment strategies guidance for module suppliers were provided.Originality/valueThis study is the first attempt to analyse how product modularity affects product innovation in the context of inter-firm modular cooperation by revealing the mediating role of module suppliers' relationship-specific investments.

Being in the economic transition, Russia is abandoning raw material economy and going on the path of innovative economic development. Against the background of economic transition, this article studies the current situation in innovative development of Russian enterprises both from longitudinal and horizontal aspects, thus further analyze the reasons from multiple perspectives. It is believed in this article that enterprises still remain as the driving force in Russian innovative development while the macro-policies carried out by government play a certain role in the innovation of Russian enterprises but is yet to fully inspire enterprises' initiative in innovative development.

Food security is a global concern. Benefit from the development of 5G, IoT is used in agriculture to help the farmers to maintain and improve productivity. It not only enables the customers, both at home and abroad, to become more informed about the products they buy, but also help the organizations and governments to assess the status of agricultural production. However, farmers are caught up in worried about the privacy leakage since these data would expose their income, lifestyle, etc. Considerable researches have well addressed the questions of confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and privacy. Unfortunately, to the best of our knowledge, the flexibility requirement of aggregation schemes have not been well solved. In essence, in real-life application, endowing the flexibility and privacy-preserving of aggregation, is imperative to secure and facilitate the development of the IoT environment. To fill this research gap, in this paper, a privacy-preserving data aggregation scheme with a flexibility property is proposed which uses ElGamal Cryptosystem. The analysis and performance show that the proposed scheme is secure, private and flexible.

Abstract
Solid fuel use is increasingly linked to low birth weight (LBW), but conclusions were inconsistent. We aimed to summarize the association between solid fuel use and LBW. Twenty-one studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified through PubMed, Qvid Medline, and Web of Science databases. The final search occurred on March 20, 2024. Summary relative effect and 95 % confidence intervals were estimated with a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate possible sources of heterogeneity and to test the stability of the results. Nineteen studies evaluated the association between solid fuel use in pregnant woman and LBW (1.188 for solid fuels: 1.055 to 1.322). No significant heterogeneity was identified among the included studies (p=0.010, Tau2=0.02, I2=48.1 %). Subgroup analysis found positive correlations for Asia, data years prior to 2014, and rural studies (1.245 for Asia: 1.077 to 1.412; Tau2=0.03, I2=56.0 %; 1.243 for data years prior to 2014: 1.062 to 1.424; Tau2=0.04, I2=60.98 %; 1.514 for rural: 1.258 to 1.771; Tau2=0.00, I2=0.0 %). Our meta-analysis showed that solid fuel use in pregnant women had an impact on LBW. Measures and policies are also needed to promote energy conversion and to limit and reduce the use of solid fuels.