Social media addiction among Hong Kong adolescents before and after the pandemic: The effects of parenting behaviors
In: Computers in human behavior, Band 156, S. 108233
ISSN: 0747-5632
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In: Computers in human behavior, Band 156, S. 108233
ISSN: 0747-5632
In: The leadership quarterly: an international journal of political, social and behavioral science, Band 21, Heft 5, S. 826-843
In: The leadership quarterly: an international journal of political, social and behavioral science, Band 20, Heft 6, S. 920-932
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 25, Heft 22, S. 22308-22317
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Statistical papers, Band 62, Heft 4, S. 1723-1751
ISSN: 1613-9798
In: International public management journal, Band 21, Heft 5, S. 703-728
ISSN: 1559-3169
Few studies have examined the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in rural areas and clarified rural–urban differences. Moreover, the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) relative to vaccination in rural areas is uncertain. We addressed this knowledge gap through using an improved statistical stochastic method based on the Galton–Watson branching process, considering both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. Data included 1136 SARS-2-CoV infections of the rural outbreak in Hebei, China, and 135 infections of the urban outbreak in Tianjin, China. We reconstructed SARS-CoV-2 transmission chains and analyzed the effectiveness of vaccination and NPIs by simulation studies. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 showed strong heterogeneity in urban and rural areas, with the dispersion parameters k = 0.14 and 0.35, respectively (k < 1 indicating strong heterogeneity). Although age group and contact-type distributions significantly differed between urban and rural areas, the average reproductive number (R) and k did not. Further, simulation results based on pre-control parameters (R = 0.81, k = 0.27) showed that in the vaccination scenario (80% efficacy and 55% coverage), the cumulative secondary infections will be reduced by more than half; however, NPIs are more effective than vaccinating 65% of the population. These findings could inform government policies regarding vaccination and NPIs in rural and urban areas.
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 21, Heft 11, S. 7219-7226
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Terrorism Informatics; Integrated Series In Information Systems, S. 385-406
In: The leadership quarterly: an international journal of political, social and behavioral science, Band 17, Heft 1, S. 21-38
In: The leadership quarterly: an international journal of political, social and behavioral science, Band 12, Heft 4, S. 515-551
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 19, S. 15949-15958
ISSN: 1614-7499