Suchergebnisse

Reliable and objective data regarding building stock is essential for predicting and analyzing energy demand and carbon emission. However, China's building stock data is lacking. This study proposes a set of China building floor space estimation method (CBFSM) based on the improved building stock turnover model. Then it measures China's building stocks by vintage and type from 2000 to 2015, as well as building energy intensity (national level and provincial level) and energy-efficient buildings. Results showed that total building stocks increased significantly, rising from 35.2 billion m2 in 2000 to 63.6 billion m2 in 2015, with the average growth rate 4.0%. The deviations were well below 10% by comparing with China Population Census, which validated the reliability of CBFSM and the results. As for energy intensity, urban dwellings and rural dwellings showed relatively stable and increasing trend respectively. The commercial building energy intensity saw a downward trend during "12th Five Year Plan" period. This indicated the effectiveness of building energy efficiency work for commercial buildings since 2005.38.6 billion m2 residential dwellings and 5.7 billion m2 commercial buildings still need to be retrofitted in future. CBFSM can overcome shortages in previous studies. It can also provide Chinese government with technical support and data evidence to promote the building energy efficiency work.

Background: China is experiencing a rapid growth of elder people which demands suitable health care models for the disabled community seniors to meet the government's "aging at home" policy.

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record. ; This paper presents an envisaged autonomous strain sensor device, which is dedicated to structural health monitoring applications. The paper introduces the ASIC approach that replaces the discrete approach of some of the main modules ; The SMARTER project is supported by European Union under the ERA-Net funding scheme of the FP7 (CHIST-ERA), and in the case of the spaniard partner through MINECO, reference PCIN-2013- 069.