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The article discusses in detail thepossibilities for lexicographic description of nonstandard mineral vocabulary, i.e. those names of minerals, colloid minerals, geological materials and related objects and phenomena that do not fall under official international mineralogical terminology.The author is develop-ing a project of an explanatory dictionary based on field materials from the card index on stone vocabulary, toponymy and ethnography (the index is created by the staff of the Department of Russian Language, Gen-eral Linguistics and Verbal Communication, Ural Federal University).The material was collected in2019–2023 during expeditions in the Middle and South Urals. It was gathered through interviews with geologists, stonecutters, jewellers, and other groups of stone lovers. The article describes the advantages of the explana-tory dictionary as the type of dictionary appropriate for the vocabulary in question, explains the objectives of the dictionary and special aspects of material selection, describes the dictionary contents and the structure of dictionary entries, provides sample entries. These are devoted to the following thematic groups: 'low-quality mineral, non-precious mineral', 'imitative, artificial mineral', 'non-productive, barren lode'. Special atten-tion in the dictionary entries is paid to motivational and etymological data. The article appears to be an im-portant contribution to lexicography and to the study of the new, little-explored vocabulary layer. The card index will further be supplemented. It is hoped that the nonstandard mineral vocabulary dictionary will be published and prove to be useful both for specialists (linguists and geologists) and for the general reader, cur-rently having poor access to verified academic information on stone vocabulary.

The article discusses nonstandard gemstone names – the names of precious stones that do not belong to the official international mineralogical terminology. In Russian linguistics, this lexical group remains understudied. The paper reflects on the ideographic specifics of nonstandard gemstone names. It deals with the names of crystals used in the Middle Urals – in dialectal speech as well as in the language of stonecutters, gemstone hunters, and amateur minerologists. This territory was chosen for the research as it has a rich tradition of mineral recovery and carving. The lexical units analyzed in the article denote crystal minerals. A large part of the names was collected in expeditions with the author's participation. The article attempts to create an ideographic classification of the names of crystals. The whole array of the lexical material was divided into 7 basic thematic groups: "Color characteristics of crystals," "Specifics of crystal growth and formation types," "Crystal inclusions," "Crystal size," "The parts of crystals," "Processes inside crystals", "Characterization of the quality and preciousness of crystals." For some lexemes, the author comments on their semantics, motivation, grammatical and sometimes ethnolinguistic and sociolinguistic features. The research determines the rate of occurrence (based on the number of lexemes used within a particular group) for each thematic group and analyzes the reasons for differences in the rate.