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The global financial crisis has accelerated the shift of economic power from the West to the East. The emerging markets have become the main engine of global economic growth and firms from emerging markets are playing an increasingly important role in global competition. This volume of Advances in International Marketing is focused on issues that have been largely ignored by the main stream literature in international marketing to emerging markets and by firms from emerging markets. The papers presented report a variety of studies examining: international marketing behaviour of firms from emerging markets; market environments and consumer behaviour in emerging markets; and MNCs international marketing in emerging markets. Collectively they offer significant insight into emerging markets and point to new directions for future research.

Interdisciplinary approaches are critical to solve the interesting problems of the day. Branding, product design, and innovation are topics that have not been covered in the series so far but have been gaining attention. In all three cases, there is significant research and practitioner interest. This volume seeks to capture and synthesize the cutting-edge knowledge in the area of branding, product design, innovation, and strategic thought in international marketing. This volume was conceived from a conference held at The College of William & Mary where speakers from many fields - including business, arts, architecture, industrial design, and engineering - were invited to share their methods, findings and insights. The interdisciplinary nature of the conference and this subsequent volume serve to help us gain an appreciation for alternative perspectives while also facilitating cross-disciplinary research in these important areas.

Building on Zou and Cavusgil's (2002) global marketing strategy (GMS) framework, the authors propose a structural model of advertising standardization that explores (1) the factors that encourage firms to engage in standardized advertising; and (2) the impact of advertising standardization on advertising effectiveness, as well as on two measures of firm performance. Results from a survey of Japanese and U.S. subsidiaries operating in the European Union (EU) provide support for the model. They also suggest that standardized advertising does enhance a firm's financial and strategic performance, provided that the external environment and internal resources of the firm are conducive to standardization.

Volume 24 of Advances in International Marketing, guest-edited by Professors Jean, Chiou and Zou, considers the impact of major trends in external and internal environments of the firm on international marketing. Major themes include: emerging market firms? innovation, technology-enabled marketing innovation, global account management, knowledge sharing in international alliances, internationalization of small and entrepreneurial firms, export marketing channels, global companies and issues of national culture on consumers? evaluation of MNEs performance and teaching international marketing to students. Papers in part one focus on innovation from emerging markets, including the impact of technological innovation on management innovation in terms of global account management in emerging markets firms and the impact of context on international strategic alliance knowledge transfer and innovation. Part two combines studies with a small- and medium-sized firm perspective and a focus on entrepreneurship. Part 3 looks at export marketing issues, such as sales subsidiaries, foreign channel selection and dependence on export channel co-ordination. Part 4 is devoted to globalization and culture issues, including the dimensions of a global company and the impact of pervasion of national culture on consumers? Evaluation of MNEs performance. Part 5 deals with the effectiveness of alternative teaching methods of international marketing.

This article focuses on the locus of recovery (LOR) when failures occur in coproduced services. LOR refers to who contributes to the recovery. Based on the LOR effort, recovery can be classified into three types: firm recovery, joint recovery, and customer recovery. The authors develop a conceptual framework to examine the antecedents, consequences, and moderators of LOR and test the framework using three experiments. They find that the positive effect of customers' self-efficacy on their expectancy to participate in recovery is stronger when they blame themselves for the failure than when they blame the service provider. Joint recovery is most effective in generating favorable service outcomes of satisfaction with recovery and intention for future coproduction. Furthermore, recovery urgency strengthens the effect of LOR; however, when a customer's preferred recovery strategy is offered, such matching offsets the impact of recovery urgency. Our findings suggest several managerial implications for devising recovery strategies for service failures. Although having customers do the recovery may appear to be cost-effective, when customers are under time pressure, pushing them toward customer recovery against their preferences is likely to backfire. If a firm's only available option is customer recovery, they should consider increasing customers' sense of autonomy under resource constraints by aligning available recovery options with customer preferences. In contrast, joint recovery can be a win-win strategy—the customer is satisfied and the firm uses only moderate resources. It is also a more robust strategy that works particularly well under resource constraints and regardless of preference matching.

Prior empirical evidence on the role of customer participation (CP) on service outcomes is limited and inconsistent. The authors add new insights by investigating the boundary conditions of the CP-service outcome link. Using two experiments, the article examines the moderating effect of three CP readiness factors: ability, perceived benefits of participation, and role identification. The results show that when CP readiness is high, increasing CP enhances service outcomes including customer satisfaction and perceived service quality; however, when CP readiness is low, the effect of CP on service outcomes tapers off or becomes negative. The results highlight the contingent nature of CP's effect, demonstrate that CP could indeed be a double-edged sword, and provide managerial guidelines to enhance CP's benefits through appropriate targeting and service design.

ABSTRACTKnowledge‐based view (KBV) theory posits that the acquisition and use of relevant knowledge is key to understanding organizational performance. However, there is relatively little empirical evidence to support or refute several important propositions underlying KBV theory explanations of organizational performance. In particular, the extant literature has focused on individual technical and scientific components of the knowledge bases of firms in dynamic industries, and largely ignored both different levels of informational and experiential knowledge relevant to the market environment, and the increasingly important context of exporting. Our study addresses these knowledge gaps by developing a framework for export venture knowledge management and empirically examining relationships between different types of individual‐level and organizational‐level knowledge relevant to the market environment, architectural marketing capabilities, and the adaptive performance of export ventures. Using primary data collected in the United Kingdom and China, our study indicates that export ventures' organizational‐level experiential and informational knowledge, and individual‐level experiential knowledge relevant to the market environment, is positively associated with export ventures' architectural marketing capabilities, which are in turn associated with the adaptive performance of export ventures.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess Indian consumers' brand consciousness by examining their brand knowledge, purchase behaviour and perceptions of foreign brands. It provides key inputs for global retailers to harness the potential in growing consumerism in India.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 300 Indian consumers was conducted and the data were analysed using descriptive and simple regression techniques.FindingsThe study found that brand purchase in India varies across product categories. At present, consumer knowledge and use of foreign brands is low, and Indian consumers are price‐sensitive. Indian consumers are experimenting with brands and would like more foreign brands to enter the Indian market.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the small sample size, advanced econometrics techniques could not be used to analyse the dataset.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to assess the impact of retail liberalisation on Indian consumers' shopping behaviour, particularly their brand consciousness.