The article describes issues of structural reforms implementation in Russia directed at forming favorable institutional environment and business climate, as well as macroeconomic financial stability. The author analyzes the derivatives market, compared with the world's GDP and considers regularities for the global market of mergers and acquisitions as modern crisis indicators in the global economy. The state of the Russian economy, the balance of payments of RF, international investment position and other macroeconomic parameters are analyzed, as well as the influence of cross-border capital flows and the demographic factor on sustainable development of the Russian economy. A model of the system of managing sustainable socio-economic development together with participation of development institutions is presented.
The authors points out that there are several objective prerequisites for supranational mechanism to be implemented. These include a well-developed economy, high degree of internationalization and substantal level of economic interdependence. The growing contradictions between the national regulation and transnational economy can be eased by recourse to supranational mechanisms. The globalization opens the way for supranational solutions on a broad international scale.
The authors explore the impact of crises on the dynamics of trade between partners within regional trade agreements (RTAs) with the aim to determine whether RTAs have a stabilizing effect on foreign trade. RTAs have become one of the main instruments of trade policy in recent decades. It is generally recognized that RTAs do stimulate trade at the time of stability and growth. It is logical to assume that meeting commitments between RTA partners should lead to the preservation of trade flows between them in the event of a crisis. However, this statement requires empirical confirmation. The study examines the effects of RTA networks for the three most active RTAs' participants located on different continents — the EU, Chile and the Republic of Korea. The analysis of dynamics of these countries trade flows indicates a clear trend of strengthening trade interaction between RTA partners during crisis periods. The focus of the methodology of the study lies in computations of three trade indices: export significance index, trade intensity index and symmetric trade introversion index. They were calculated for the totality of trade partners for the EU, Chile and the Republic of Korea from 2005 to 2020 in order to identify the dominant tendencies of trade flows during periods of economic shocks of recent decades (the financial crisis of 2008—2009 and the crisis caused by the pandemic of 2019—2021). The authors come to the conclusion that for the studied countries and the EU RTAs act as a damper that reduces the negative impact of crises on foreign trade. Trade between RTA countries at the time of a crisis either decreased to a lesser extent compared to trade between countries that do not have RTA, or recovered faster. This empirically confirms yet another significant importance of RTAs. The authors suggest to make similar calculations for other countries and RTAs to support the revealed pattern.
В статье исследуются первые, основные нормативные правовые документы нового Советского государства по развитию физкультурного движения, ориентированного на физическую подготовку в интересах обеспечения обороноспособности страны и повышения трудоспособности населения государства новой формации средствами физической культуры. Определяются основные тенденции в развитии физкультурного движения нового государства, в том числе его идеологическая направленность, развитие массовой физической культуры и спорта. Рассматривается организационная деятельность на начальном этапе формирования сферы физической культуры и спорта, выделяются факторы, влияющие на ее становление и развитие. Проводится анализ первых нормативных документов, регламентирующих деятельность в сфере физической культуры и спорта. Представлен комплекс нормативных правовых документов, отражающих руководящую роль партийных и государственных органов нового государства в развитии физической культуры в годы становления молодого советского государства. ; The article considers basic legal documents of the new Soviet State concerning physical education development, oriented on developing physical education to the benefit of maintenance of military defense of the country and on increasing working ability of the population of the newly established state by means of physical education. The basic tendencies in physical movement of the new state including its ideological orientation, development of mass physical culture and sport are defined. Factors influencing its formation and development are defined. The analysis of the first normative acts, regulating the activity in the field of physical culture and sport are done. The set of normative legal documents, revealing the leading part of the party and state authorities of the new state in physical culture development in the years of forming of the new soviet state is collected.
