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The knowledge base in the domains of quality of life, well-being, and subjective well-being is continuing to grow at a rapid rate. In light of this growth, and the interest it reflects on the part of scholars, practitioners, and policy makers internationally, this book will play an important role in bringing scholars and students up to date on diverse topics and promoting and encouraging research in the field of quality-of-life (QOL) studies. Unlike most other similar publications quality of life studies is broadly construed to involve all of the social and health sciences. This volume has much to offer the reader. The papers reflect a diversity of disciplinary and methodological perspectives, it contains material on (a) the monitoring, assessing, and modelling of quality of life, (b) matters of policy, finance, marketing, and business, and (c) papers devoted to the determinants and correlates of well-being and quality of life

Preface -- References -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Response Processes in the Context of Validity: Setting the Stage -- Opening Remarks -- What Are Response Processes? -- Key Moments and Players in the History of Response Processes -- Roger Lennon -- Susan Embretson -- Samuel Messick -- Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing and Other Guidelines -- Prevalence of Validity Evidence Based on Response Processes -- Where Do We Go Next? -- References -- Chapter 2: Response Processes and Measurement Validity in Health Psychology -- Messick's (1995) Unified Validity Theory Framework -- Self-Efficacy in Health Behaviour Settings: A Case Study That Underscores the Importance of the Substantive Aspects of Validity -- Methods to Support the Validity of Response Processes in Health Psychology -- Think Aloud Protocols -- Implicit Measures -- Behavioural Measures -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Contributions of Response Processes Analysis to the Validation of an Assessment of Higher Education Students' Competence in Business and Economics -- Increasing Importance of Response Processes Analysis in Validation Research -- Situating Response Processes Analysis in an Instructional Validation Framework -- Response Processes Analysis in the Domain of B&E -- Modeling Mental Operations -- WiwiKom Test Items to Assess Students' Mental Operations Involved in Responding to the Items -- Student Sample -- Think-Aloud Method -- Results -- Cognitive Validity -- Instructional Validity -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 4: Ecological Framework of Item Responding as Validity Evidence: An Application of Multilevel DIF Modeling Using PISA Data -- Differential Item Functioning -- Method -- Data Source -- Measurement -- Data Analysis -- Results and Conclusions -- General Discussion -- Appendix 4.1: Reading Attitude Scale -- References

This book combines an overview of validity theory, trends in validation practices, and a review of standards and guidelines in several international jurisdictions with research synthesis of the validity evidence in different research areas. An overview of theory is both useful and timely, in view of the increased use of tests and measures for decision-making, ranking, and policy purposes in large-scale testing, assessment, and social indicators and quality of life research. Research synthesis is needed to help us assemble, critically appraise, and integrate the overwhelming volume of research on validity in different contexts. Rather than examining whether any given measure is "valid", the focus is on a critical appraisal of the kinds of validity evidence reported in the published research literature. The five sources of validity evidence discussed are: content-related, response processes, internal structure, associations with other variables, and consequences. The 15 syntheses included here, represent a broad sampling of psychosocial, health, medical, and educational research settings, giving us an extensive evidential basis to build upon earlier studies. The book concludes with a meta-synthesis of the 15 syntheses, and a discussion of the current thinking of validation practices by leading experts in the field.