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These cities are change by the development scheme compelled by various economic, politic and cultural interests in central and local relations. In the last decades, the dominant condition of physical aspect-oriented development does not change as well. In some aspects, the scale is getting larger and more massive with decentralization interest. The delegated authority in policy framework gives the local government the foundation of accelerating the change through some autonomous scheme, in which the most dominant orientation among all of those attempts is the city transforming with economic-political reasoning. On the other hand, decentralization also gives the citizens the opportunity of being the part of transformation scheme designed by government. Participation Space allows for the involvement in various policies that will be undertaken in collective contestation in public domain. This article narrates how the urban development scale changes the urban spaces and impacts on the urban ecology, namely river. Narration of river transformation in the last decade is that the river transforms due to many factors and it can be seen from both physical and non-physical transformation. The existing development orientation marginalizes the river and at the same time river assumes the development burden. The crucial point of participation idea is inseparable as well from the relationship between city, river, and citizens staying living in urban kampong daily. The growing response of community is interesting to be studied as the part of understanding the urban physical transformation on the one hand and citizen's social dynamics on the other hand. Decribing Surakarta and Cities provides the construction of community interest relation complexity and the reinterpretation of river as the part of city. The dynamics of urban kampong in river area can represent the contestation of values, interests and social relations in urban context. Keyword: City, Kampong, River, Community, Participation

This article discusses river restoration movement through analytical frame of multilayered political process of river restoration movement. River restoration movement is very important to study, not only because of limited social science literature on this theme, but also because of the uniqueness of movement dynamic from one region to another. Method selected was an explanatory case study to explain the multilayered political process occurring in river restoration movement conducted by Forsidas Gajah Wong Yogyakarta. The first layer is base or grassroots of movement becoming an important keyword to be tipping point of the movement by building common consciousness of the urgency to recover degraded river. The process of consolidation and of building shared point of view is an unforgettable part despite spatial-scale implementation. The second layer consists of policy maker elites and central actors serving as the activator of the support raising process at either executive or legislative level. In addition, building social network between river communities reinforce the processes at base and elite levels. The procedure of movement is as follows: (1) preparing the people socially by means of building common consciousness and equating the perspectives among the people living in the river bank; (2) building consolidation between the people living in the river bank connected spatially to each other through Forsidas Gajah Wong institution; (3) raising support, lobby, and advocacy from policy makers including executives and legislatives to contribute to the process of organizing settlement along the river and rubbish and waste processing facility to reduce river degradation rate; (4) joint action constitutes mutual cooperation (gotong royong) and selfhelp in the attempt of restoring river ecosystem; and (5) reflection and movement evaluation processes. The important contribution of current research is related to the importance of multilayered political process in the procedure and the dynamic of river restoration ...

The existence of people with HIV/AIDS or PWHAs in daily life results in a variety of social problems to themselves, family, friend, neighbor, surrounding environment, and wide society. This qualitative research with phenomenological approach aimed to analyze social empowerment to deal with negative stigma and discriminative treatment against PWHA in Surakarta, Indonesia. Primary data was collected from PWHAs, Solo Plus Peer Support Group, health workers, Surakarta AIDS Commission, and NGOs caring about AIDS. The result of observation, in-depth interview, and some related documents were analyzed using community empowerment theory and labeling. The result of research showed that social empowerment with intensive information education and communication on HIV/AIDS can change people's interpretation on PWHAs. Government policy supporting PWHAs' need, improved participation of PWHAs in such activities as HIV/AIDS overcoming in family, community, work environment, and society, and sustainable facilitation can solve social medical problem of PWHAs. The presence of improved capacity and social-cultural structure of society conducive to HIV/AIDS is expected to overcome negative labeling and discrimination against PWHA. Keywords: PWHA empowerment, social economic and medical support for PWHAs AbstrakKeberadaan orang dengan HIV/AIDS atau ODHA dalam kehidupan sehari-hari menimbulkan aneka masalah sosial baik dengan dirinya sendiri, keluarga, teman, tetangga, lingkungan sekitar, dan masyarakat luas. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis ini bertujuan menganalisis pemberdayaan sosial untuk mengatasi stigma negatif dan perlakuan diskriminatif terhadap ODHA di Surakarta Indonesia. Data primer dikumpulkan dari ODHA, Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya Solo Plus, pelayan kesehatan, Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Surakarta dan NGO peduli AIDS. Hasil observasi, in-depth interview, dan beberapa dokumen terkait dianalisis dengan teori pemberdayaan masyarakat dan labelling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan sosial dengan Komunikasi Informasi Edukasi yang intensif tentang HIV/AIDS dapat mengubah interpretasi masyarakat terhadap ODHA. Kebijakan pemerintah yang mendukung kebutuhan ODHA, meningkatnya partisipasi ODHA dalam berbagai kegiatan termasuk penanggulangan HIV/AIDS baik di keluarga, komunitas, lingkungan kerja dan masyarakat, serta pendampingan yang berkelanjutan dapat mengatasi masalah sosial medis ODHA. Dengan adanya peningkatan kapasitas dan struktur sosial budaya masyarakat yang kondusif terhadap HIV/AIDS diharapkan dapat mengatasi label negatif dan ketidakadilan terhadap ODHA. Kata kunci : pemberdayaan ODHA, dukungan sosial ekonomi dan medis bagi ODHA