Suchergebnisse

The promotion of mobility among students and academic staff is one of the main objective of the Bologna Process, a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries put in place to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications. According to the last Erasmus+ Annual Report (2019), almost 10 million people enjoyed the Erasmus programme during the last three decades and the increase of this phenomenon has been recorded in all of the European countries. However, it is important to underline that this number includes not only all the students that experienced a mobility period in Europe but also those who have taken advantage of the Erasmus+ International Credit Mobility (ICM), a specific programme which aims to promote the international mobility of European students and staff to and from non-EU partner countries. Indeed, the mobilities to countries across Europe are a more recent initiative and, starting from 2015, more and more students and academic staff spent part of their academic path in another higher education institution around the world. In addition to this programme, other specific programmes referring to non-EU mobility are double degrees and bilateral agreements, an agreement signed by two universities which choose to become partners in order to achieve common specific aims related to students' exchange periods. For this reason, the aim of this contribution is to focus the attention particularly on non-European mobilities during the last academic year (2018/2019) in one of the most important university in Europe, that is Sapienza University of Rome. The data analyzed will take into consideration demographic variables, mobility variables and academic career's variables.

The promotion of mobility among academic staff and students is one of the main objectives of the Bologna Process, a mechanism that has been defined by the European Commission aimed to promote intergovernmental cooperation between the European countries in the field of the higher education. In this respect, according to the last Erasmus+ Annual Report (2019), almost 10 million people took part in the Erasmus program during the last three decades and the increase of this phenomenon has been recorded in all of the European countries. As far as Italy is concerned, in 2018 (year of last available data), 76,847 participants in 1,055 Italian projects benefited from mobility in higher education, vocational education and training, school education, adult learning and youth for a total grant amount of €147.83 million. Going into detail, the number of incoming students and trainees increased by 45.8% from the 2010/2011 academic year to the 2017/2018 academic year while the number of outgoing students and trainees increased by 75.6%. Starting from this consideration, the purpose of the study was to analyze data regarding mobility flows (both incoming and outgoing) during the last academic year (2018/2019) at Sapienza University of Rome, which, together with Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna and the University of Padua, is one of the top three Italian universities with the highest rate of incoming foreign students. Data will be analyzed through the use of profile analysis whose aim is to compare the same dependent variable (i.e., the opportunity for a mobility period abroad) between two different groups of incoming and outgoing students taking into account both demographic variables (i.e., gender, student age at the beginning of the experience, countries of the original and destination institutions) and variables of the academic career (i.e., exam grades and credits obtained).

The reactions of the interviewees to the political questions of the questionnaire confirm two already known tendencies: 1) as the age grows, the political orientation tends to become rightist; 2) technical instruction tends to favor ideas from the right. A third result was only partially expected: interviewees socialized in large cities of the North have a marked propensity towards the left. The fourth result is a novelty for Italy: women favor the left (moderate) more than men. ; El objetivo de esta contribución es analizar la orientación política de los ciudadanos italianos, teniendo en cuenta sus principales características personales. Las reacciones de los entrevistados a las preguntas políticas del cuestionario confirman dos tendencias ya conocidas: 1) al crecer la edad, la orientación política tiende a convertirse en derechista; 2) la instrucción técnica tiende a favorecer ideas de derecha. Un tercero resultado era solo parcialmente esperado: los entrevistados socializados en grades ciudades del Norte tienen una acentuada propensión hacia la izquierda. El cuarto resultado es una novedad por la Italia: mujeres favorecen la izquierda (moderada) más que los varones. ; Le reazioni degli intervistati alle domande politiche del questionario confermano due tendenze già note: 1) man mano che l'età cresce, l'orientamento politico tende a diventare di destra; 2) l'istruzione tecnica tende a favorire le idee di destra. Un terzo risultato è stato solo parzialmente previsto: gli intervistati socializzati nelle grandi città del Nord hanno una spiccata propensione verso la sinistra. Il quarto risultato è una novità per l'Italia: le donne preferiscono la sinistra (moderata) più degli uomini.

The goal of this study is the analysis, through secondary data deriving from the main national sources, of migration's phenomenon in Italy from 2007 to 2014. In particular, the purpose of paper is the description of interculturality focusing the attention on four specific dimensions of the daily life, like citizenship, education, labour market and marriage. Each of these offers a set of statistical indicators useful to observe the integration of migrants in Italy. So, from this research, it will emerge actual role of Italy in European migration context with the hope that a real politic of inclusion, based on dialogue and interaction among autochthonous and foreigners, will be raise in our country where the foreign presence, in the time span of seven years, is increased by 67.5%. For this reason, the recognition of each individual, independently by national membership, is a fundamental element for builing a global community.

Obiettivo del lavoro è lo studio dello svantaggio scolastico in Italia nella popolazione tra i 15 e i 24 anni alla luce del background migratorio e della differente struttura delle opportunità legata all'estrazione sociale. I giovani studenti di origine straniera solo recentemente hanno raggiunto numeri tali da permettere analisi sistematiche del fenomeno. A tal fine, si utilizzano i dati della Rilevazione sulle Forze di Lavoro dell'Istat per il periodo 2015-2019. I risultati confermano anche nel contesto italiano che il capitale socioeconomico e culturale della famiglia di origine giocano un ruolo decisivo nel contenere il rischio di dispersione scolastica e nel modellare le scelte verso la scuola superiore e l'università. Inoltre, anche a parità di estrazione sociale, l'origine straniera esercita un significativo effetto netto che se da un lato permette alle seconde generazioni di recuperare terreno, dall'altro fa registrare maggiori difficoltà di integrazione per le prime.

Empirical research shows the existence of a relationship between the electoral behaviour of citizens and their economic condition. The economic voting theory explains that in periods of economic growth citizens-voters reward the government considered the author of their well-being; on the contrary, in times of crisis, the population punishes it. The peculiarity of these studies, based on the analysis of secondary data designed for other primary purposes, is to have national territorial dimension, where the percentage of votes collected by government/opposition parties in political national elections is associated to the country's macro-economic indicators (for example, GDP or unemployment rate). Nevertheless, up to now, only few scholars have analysed this relationship at local level, due to the lack of local statistical data on citizens' economic conditions. This study tries to fill this gap. It is conducted in the city of Rome, to understand whether the electoral behaviour of Roman citizens changes in function of their economic hardship, in each of the 15 Municipalities of the capital city of Italy. To this end, two different data sources are integrated: Electoral Statistical Office of Rome and Italian Revenue Agency. The results offer empirical evidence to strengthen the local relation between electoral behaviour and economic conditions.