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AbstractThis article focuses on agro‐food production in Murcia, Spain, and analyses the socio‐technical production processes of the seedless table grape. In the agro‐food industry, a focus on quality has driven an unstoppable process of bio‐technological innovation, which is also evident in the object of this study. Before these technological innovations, taste, colour and calibre as specific qualities of the grape were not considered a determinable characteristic. They had only emerged in the context of certain productive, technological and institutional conditions of possibility and the establishment of particular relationships between the agents implicated in its cultivation. By using Callon´s contribution to Actor Network Theory, the article examines how the different qualities of the seedless table grape are constructed through quality control procedures that try to stabilise the relationship between human (labour) and non‐human (technology, insects, fungi, water, sun) actors.

19th International Congress of Refrigeration. Proceedings The Hague, the Netherlands, august 20-25, 1995. ; The density of liquid refrigerants is very important for the design of compression cycles in the refrigeration and air conditioning industries. The increasing concern with the environmental protection leads the governments to legislate in order to banish in the short term the use of the CFC's and in the long run the HCFC's. Considering those decisions, the industries need to find new replacements for those compounds, and suitable substitutes seam to be HFC's, fluorinated ethers, their mixtures and mixtures with small quantities of HCFC's. The only problem in using those alternative refrigerants is the lack of knowledge about their properties. Among them, the density is one of the most important. It is the propose of this paper to show the use of a model that allows the user to estimate the liquid density for the refrigerants. The uncertainty of this model is of ± 2.0 % for reduced values of temperature less then 0.95 and reduced values of density less then 1.0. This model needs the information for the critical parameters and the pressure of the saturated liquid-vapour line. The Hard-Sphere DeSantis equation of state Ref. /1/ is use to give physical support to the model. The corrections to the attractive and repulsive part, a and b, have been calculated from a few experimental pure refrigerants Ref. /1/ (HCFC 152a, HCFC 22, HCFC 142b, HCFC 123, HCFC 114).

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Lists of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- List of contributors -- Foreword -- PART I -- 1. Introduction: The pandemic and social change -- 2. The pandemic, deglobalisation and world society -- 3. The bureaucratic strength of neoliberalism -- 4. The sociology of the state of alarm: Legitimisation and dispute during the COVID-19 in Spain -- 5. "Everything will be alright": Emotion rules, the institutional framework and social mobilisation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain -- 6. Right now: History will be public or it will not be -- 7. Science in action: Controversies and public knowledge during the COVID-19 pandemic -- PART II -- 8. A socio-demographic look at the pandemic -- 9. A care system in crisis: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender equality -- 10. The growth of precarious employment for women in the care work sector during the COVID-19 pandemic -- 11. Social division of labour, recognition and contempt in the health crisis -- 12. The impact of COVID-19 on the Spanish education system -- 13. Human mobility, immigration and racism in times of syndemic -- 14. COVIDigital: New virtual spaces and digital habits for a transformed sociability -- 15. Conclusions: "Fear is not the State" -- Index.

Based on the evidence found in two case studies of intensive agriculture in Southern Spain, this article analyses the impact of business strategies aimed at devaluing packaging plant work in the competitive integration processes currently taking place in the global agri-food value chain. The article explores three business strategies: the feminisation, segmentation and deskilling of labour, along with ethnic substitution and labour recruitment outsourcing mechanisms. Although it acknowledges the importance of the dynamics of global competition, the article focuses mainly on how firms articulate their strategies in packaging plants within the political, family and sociocultural frameworks of specific local contexts. The analysis uses a qualitative methodology based on in-depth interviews and participant observations.

El sector agroalimentario de la Región de Murcia está integrado a una cadena agroalimentaria global que destaca por su modernización tecnológica y por su elevada productividad. Desde la década de los noventa se vienen implantando sistemas de calidad que han contribuido a transformar radicalmente los procesos productivos y las condiciones de trabajo. Numerosos estudios han analizado cómo la implantación de estándares y certificaciones ha dado lugar a un significativo aumento de la calidad de los productos y de sus procesos de producción. Sin embargo, algunos estudios muestran que el aumento de la calidad de los productos y de los procesos no ha supuesto necesariamente una mejora sustancial de la calidad del empleo ni una desprecarización de las condiciones de trabajo. Por el contrario, la precariedad laboral y la informalidad persisten y en algunos casos, se acentúan, al aumentar el control sobre los procesos y los trabajadores. Este artículo explora esta hipótesis en el caso de la industria de la uva de mesa en la Región de Murcia.

El miedo al desabastecimiento alimentario durante la pandemia de covid- 19 reforzó la visibilidad del sector agrícola como una de las actividades esenciales para los Estados europeos. La situación de la mano de obra agrícola en Europa, en su mayoría compuesta por trabajadores migrantes procedentes de países del sur global, se convirtió en objeto de debate político, mediático y académico. Las investigaciones publicadas en este contexto nos muestran que la crisis sanitaria reforzó todavía más la precariedad de las condiciones de trabajo y vida de los jornaleros extranjeros. Sin embargo, hasta el momento, no se ha prestado la misma atención a cómo los trabajadores migrantes de la agricultura aprovecharon políticamente la centralidad pública que les otorgó la crisis de la covid-19. Tomando como caso de estudio cuatro regiones agroexportadoras de España, este trabajo analiza el ciclo de protestas y movilizaciones jornaleras entre junio y diciembre de 2020. Lo que demostramos en este artículo es cómo los trabajadores y sus organizaciones de apoyo consiguieron transformar la fuerte visibilidad pública durante la pandemia (compuesta de imágenes positivas y negativas de los jornaleros migrantes) en una ventana de oportunidad política para reclamar derechos y protestar por la situación de precariedad estructural en el sector.