Suchergebnisse

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a relação entre vulnerabilidade social e as tendências à segmentação e segregação residencial em nossas grandes cidades. Tem-se como pressuposto que, em todas as sociedades capitalistas, existiram diferentes sistemas de gestão dos riscos à reprodução material e à coesão social. Nas metrópoles brasileiras, a vulnerabilidade social decorre da crise de um regime de bem-estar social dual, fundado a partir da combinação das livres forças de mercado e da mobilização das estruturas familiar-comunitárias, particularidades do nosso desenvolvimento capitalista. Escolhemos como indicador de vulnerabilidade social os segmentos da população de 4 a 24 anos, que correspondem a vários ciclos de socialização e de aquisição dos recursos necessários à reprodução e à integração sociais, cuja situação de vulnerabilidade se diferencia de acordo com a importância da família, da escola e (ou) do mercado na reprodução social desse grupo. Os resultados indicam que, independentemente da localização da moradia, se no centro ou na periferia das metrópoles, se nas regiões mais favorecidas ou não, o contexto social do "bairro" onde há pouco capital social na forma de relações estáveis com o mercado de trabalho aumenta os riscos de que essa população esteja em situação de vulnerabilidade. Portanto, é possível pensar num padrão de sociabilidade marcado por um isolamento social com baixo grau de exposição aos ativos que permitem superar essa situação que, ao mesmo tempo, é marcada pela instabilidade da vida social.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: metrópoles, questão social, vulnerabilidade social, segregação residencial. INEQUALITIES OF OPPORTUNITIES AND RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION: the metropolization of the social issue in Brazil Luiz Cesar de Queiroz Ribeiro The present article aims to analyze the relationship between social vulnerability and tendencies in the residential segregation and segmentation in our large cities. It is considered that, in all capitalist societies, there were different systems of risk management for material production and social cohesion. In Brazilian cities, the social vulnerability stems from the crisis of a dual system of social welfare, funded from a combination of free market forces and the mobilization of family-community structures, peculiarities of our capitalist development. We chose as an indicator of social vulnerability the segments of the population aged from 4 to 24 years, corresponding to different cycles of socialization and acquisition of resources necessary to social integration and reproduction, whose vulnerability is differentiated according to the importance of family, school and (or) market in the social reproduction of that group. Results indicate that, irrespective of place of residence, if in the center or the periphery of cities, if in the most privileged regions or not, the social context of "neighborhood" where there is little social capital in the form of stable relations with the labor market increases the risks that this population be in a situation of vulnerability. Therefore, it is possible to think of a pattern of sociability marked by social isolation with low exposure to assets that allow people to overcome this situation that, at the same time, is marked by the instability of social life. KEYWORDS: large cities, social issue, social vulnerability, residential segregation. INÉGALITÉS D'OPPORTUNITÉS ET SÉGRÉGATION RÉSIDENTIELLE: la métropolisation de la question sociale au Brésil Luiz Cesar de Queiroz Ribeiro L'objectif de cet article est d'analyser le lien qui existe entre la vulnérabilité sociale et les tendances à la segmentation et à la ségrégation résidentielle dans nos grandes villes. On part du présupposé qu'il y a toujours eu différents systèmes de gestion des risques pour la reproduction matérielle et la cohésion sociale dans toutes les sociétés capitalistes. Dans les métropoles brésiliennes, la vulnérabilité sociale découle de la crise d'un régime de bien-être social duel, basé sur la combinaison des forces livres du marché et de la mobilisation des structures familialescommunautaires, particularités de notre développement capitaliste. Nous avons choisi comme indicateur de vulnérabilité sociale, les segments de population de 4 à 24 ans qui correspondent à divers cycles de socialisation et d'acquisition des ressources nécessaires à la reproduction et à l'intégration sociales, dont la condition de vulnérabilité change en fonction de l'importance de la famille, de l'école et (ou) du marché dans la reproduction sociale de ce groupe. Les résultats indiquent que, indépendamment de leur localisation, c'est-à-dire que les résidences soient au centre ou dans les banlieues des grandes villes, qu'elles se situent dans des régions plus riches ou non, le contexte social du "quartier" où il y a peu de capital social en termes de relations stables avec le marché du travail, les risques sont plus grands de voir la population en situation de vulnérabilité. Il est donc possible de concevoir un modèle de sociabilité marqué par un isolement social ayant un faible degré d'exposition aux actifs qui permettraient de surmonter cette situation touchée, en même temps, par l'instabilité de la vie sociale. MOTS-CLÉS: métropoles, questions sociales, vulnérabilité sociale, ségrégation résidentielle. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br

Intro -- Acknowledgement -- About This Book -- Introduction -- References -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- 1 Neoliberalization and Mega Events: The Transition of Rio de Janeiro's Hybrid Urban Order -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Neoliberalism, Governmentality, and Contestations -- 1.3 The Hybrid Urban Order of Rio de Janeiro: Different Logics in the Production of Space -- 1.4 The 2016 Olympic Games: Inflection Point in the Hybrid Urban Order -- 1.5 Consolidating the Space of Capital: The Expansion of Barra da Tijuca -- 1.6 The Recapture of the City Center by Big Business: Redeveloping the Port District -- 1.7 Building Entrepreneurial Favelas -- 1.8 Conclusion -- References -- 2 When the Lights Turn off. Rio de Janeiro's Wannabe Global City Trajectory -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 A Global History -- 2.2 Wannabe Global City -- 2.3 Globalizing Rio -- 2.3.1 Logic of Urban Development -- 2.4 The Legacy of the Globalizing Strategy -- 2.4.1 What Scale? -- References -- 3 Public-Private Partnerships in the Context of Mega Events -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Types of PPPs and Their Diffusion in Brazil -- 3.3 Political Game and Market Solution -- 3.4 Neoliberal Project and the Use of PPPs -- 3.5 PPPs in the Context of Mega-Sporting Events -- 3.5.1 Urban Interventions and the Olympic Project Costs -- 3.6 The Olympic Park PPPs -- 3.7 The Legacy of the Olympic Park -- References -- 4 A Mega Event Called Official Carnival: City, Culture, and Party for the Market -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Carnival as an Essential Element of the Global City Project -- 4.3 The Carnival Reinvented by the Market: The PPP Carnival -- 4.4 The Illegitimate Norm: The Antilaw Regulating the Carnival -- 4.5 Final Considerations: Popular Resistance and the Worsening of the Neoliberal Logic -- References.