Suchergebnisse

La crise actuelle en Mediterranee s'inscrit dans une configuration migratoire inedite a l'echelle mondiale. Dans ce contexte, les trois ensembles mediterraneens Maghreb-Europe, Balkans, Proche-Orient, presentent des caracteres particuliers pour les deplacements de populations. Mas qu'il s'agisse de refugies - de plus en plus nombreux -, ou de migrants economiques, les instruments europeens restent essentiellement nationaux, et ne correspondent pas aux exigences d'une situation nouvelle The current crisis in the Mediterranean is a part of an unprecedented global migratory movement. The three areas of the Mediterranean: the Maghreb-Europe, the Balkans, and the Middle East, each present particular characteristics of population displacement. But whether they are refugees - whose numbers are constantly increasing - or economic migrants, Europe's mechanisms for dealing with them remain essentially national and are failing to adapt to the demands of this new situation. Adapted from the source document.

The riots that took place in France in November 200S had causes both deep & recent. French immigration policies favoring "territorialization" have led many immigrants to face social exclusion based on ethnicity. Many youth whose families recently immigrated feel that the broader society has not accepted them. But it is important to remember that these youth do not want to change the Republican values. Rather, they wish to have them applied equally to all French citizens, regardless of race, religion, or country of origin. Most youth of immigrant origins did not participate in the riots & simply want to lead normal lives. Adapted from the source document.

Integration and citizenship questions concern immigrants in Europe. These questions are difficult to address because of the different histories and settlement patterns of immigrants in receiving societies. The European dimension has introduced new values in integration and citizenship policies. One change is the revision of nationality laws in the 1990s to take account of the long-term presence of immigrants. However, an important gap persists between admission policies, which are governed by regional agreements, and integration and citizenship policies, which are subject to national or state laws. New trends and new mobilities present further challenge in how to reconcile admission and integration policies.

Even though France has experienced increasing and inevitable feminization in its immigrant population since 1974, research has tended to ignore the role of immigrant women, especially Muslim women, in the migration process. Public attention has been diverted by concern over such relatively marginal issues as the headscarf affair, and insufficient attention has been paid to the important role Muslim women play in France, especially those coming from Algeria. These women function as cultural mediators between the traditional culture of the sending country and the modern one of the host country. They see themselves as both tradition‐bearers and integration proponents. The demands of immigration have given rise to the growth and development of different leaders, among them cultural mediators seeking a bridge between Islam and modernity, economic mediators seeking to establish women in the media and as entrepreneurs, and political mediators who seek access to power at the local level for the immigrants. These new mediators will eventually shape a new generation of female actors very far from the traditional countries of origin, although for the time being they still suffer from the inequality of rights for women and chances in their overall social life.