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'An authoritative survey with exciting new insights of special interest to economists and econometricians who analyse intertemporal and interspatial price relationships.' - Professor Angus Maddison, Groningen University This book presents a comprehensive review of recent developments in the theory and construction of index numbers using the stochastic approach, demonstrating the versatility of this approach in handling various index number problems within a single conceptual framework. It also contains a brief, but complete, review of the existing approaches to index numbers with illustrative numerical examples. The stochastic approach considers the index number problem as a signal extraction problem. The strength and reliability of the signal extracted from price and quantity changes for different commodities depends upon the messages received and the information content of the messages. The most important applications of the new approach are to be found in the context of measuring rate of inflation; fixed and chain base index numbers for temporal comparisons and for spatial intercountry comparisons; the latter generally require special index number formulae that result in transitive and base invariant comparisons.

Title page -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Health Information Technology: A Business Perspective -- A Framework for Considering Business Models -- Health Care Information Technology: Better Care, Better Business -- Choosing the Commercially Correct Idea for Research and Development -- Mixed Messages: Legal Incentives and Disincentives Confronting Technologically Mediated Care -- Business Models for Health Care Decision Support -- Current and Emerging Business Models in the Health Care Information Technology Industry: A View from Wall Street -- Information Technology Solutions for Patient Safety and Quality Health Care -- Federal Initiatives in InformationTechnology to Improve Patient Safety and Quality of Care -- Developing a Shared Agenda for Health Care Systems Safety and Quality -- Empowering Patients: Total Product Life Cycle for Medical Devices -- A Systems Approach to Preventing Adverse Drug Events -- Building Support for Health Information Technologies -- Physician Practice Management Solutions -- Technology into Practice: Examples from the Real World -- Citizen Health System: Telehealth Homecare -- Telecommunications Model for Continuing Education of Health Professionals: The Royal Brompton Case -- Demonstrating the Practical Value of New Health Technologies -- Application of Peer-to-Peer Networking to Health Care -- Value Added Telecommunication Services for Health Care -- Business Models for Cost Effective Use of Health Information Technologies: Lessons Learned in the CHCS II Project -- Author Index

Title page -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Information Infrastructure for Transferring Research -- Transferring Research Through High Performance Computing -- Retooling Practitioners in the Information Age -- Towards a Health Telematics Infrastructure in the European Union -- Interaction Between Clinical Research and Patient Data -- Structuring Knowledge for Practical Application -- Digital Library Research and Application -- Knowledge and Change in Health Care Organizations -- Incorporating Knowledge into Commercially Available Systems -- Practical Solutions: Better Information for Improved Health Care Quality -- Opportunities for Improving Quality in the Health Care Industry -- Information Services that Make Patients Co-Producers of Quality Health Care -- Partnership for Excellence in Asthma Care: Evidence-Based Disease Management -- Author Index

Ancient history: to c 500 CE