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The Covid-19 pandemic is attacking the world, and measures are being taken to control the virus's spread. Banten's government is prohibited from enforcing the LSSR policy, which is based on Governor of Banten Decree 443 / Kep. 140-Huk / 2020 on the Establishment of Large-Scale Social Boundaries. This research employed quantitative descriptive method to determine if the LSSR impacts reducing the spread of the Covid-19 virus, as well as on the community's social and economic well-being. The results indicated that unemployment would rise to 172 thousand by 2020. The poverty rate increased by 134.57 thousand. Income per capita decreases to 11,994 from 12,267 in 2019. The Human Development Index, which experienced a slowdown in growth in 2020, increased 0.01 points from 0.49 points the previous year. With an improvement of 0.15 points in the total length of schooling, it is greater than the 0.12point increase in 2019. The study recommends that the LSSR policy be maintained in order to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus, and that the government undertake fiscal stimulus efforts to improve the sustainability of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises.

Ketahanan pangan adalah kondisi dinamis atau kemampuan suatu sistem untuk mempertahankan struktur dan fungsi dari kerentanan pangan. Ketahanan pangan merupakan isu strategis dalam pembangunan negara, karena memiliki peran sebagai sasaran pembangunan dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis posisi ketahanan pangan Finlandia dan perbandingannya dengan Indonesia dengan menggunakan Global Food Security Index (GFSI) serta memetakan strategi dan kebijakan yang dilakukan oleh Finlandia untuk memperkuat ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi deskriptif. Analisis difokuskan untuk memetakan kondisi ketahanan pangan Finladia dan Indonesia dengan data bersumber dari The Economist Intelligence Unit. Studi deskriptif dilakukan terhadap laporan, buku dan media cetak/online untuk melihat lebih jauh kondisi ketahanan pangan Finlandia serta kebijakan yang dilakukan untuk memperkuat ketahanan pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Finlandia unggul pada semua dimensi ketahanan pangan global dan meraih skor sempurna pada indikator program pangan bagi masyarakat, keamanan pangan dan komitmen dalam mengakses kebijakan, standar dan kualitas protein bagi masyarakat. Sedangkan Indonesia masih sangat lemah pada indikator keragaman makanan, air, laut, sungai dan danau serta komitmen politik untuk adaptasi. Namun Finlandia masih dibawah Indonesia pada indikator volatilitas produksi pertanian. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Finlandia masih rentan terhadap ketergantungan impor yang membuat aspek ketersediaan pangan menjadi lebih berfluktuasi. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut Finlandia merancang strategi ketahanan pangan yang dituangkan dalam strategi penelitian dan inovasi Finlandia 2021-2035.

The Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world has made the government impose restrictions on all community activities, including teaching and learning activities. To reduce the number of coronavirus transmissions in education, the government has implemented a distance learning policy. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of distance learning and what factors determine it. This study uses quantitative methods, this type of online survey research to respondents using the Google Forms application. The number of respondents was 119 parents of SDS Muhammadiyah 23 Jakarta's students. The results found three factors that determined distance learning's effectiveness, namely the time factor in distance learning implementation, learning suitability level factor, and the quality factor of understanding information or subject. Distance Learning's performance at SDS Muhammadiyah 23 Jakarta was considered quite useful, with a percentage of 65.64% that supports the learning suitability level as the most dominant factor. However, some improvements are needed to create a pleasant learning atmosphere. Increasing face-to-face intensity by Zoom Meeting expects to increase student's understanding of the subject, build communication and bonding through the interaction between student, teacher, and other students, and make students more focused and motivated.

Blockchain technology has been a phenomenal discovery since its use on Bitcoin, a crypto currency created by Satoshi Nakamoto. Featuring decentralization, it allows Bitcoin to escape the interference of third parties and governments. Departing from Keynesian Theory, this study used a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach. The econometric quantitative approach uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) modeling to predict the impact of Bitcoin investment on Indonesia's transaction of capital. A qualitative approach is used to analyze the LOFT effects of Bitcoin on Indonesia's economic resilience. Unlike previous studies, this study attempts to provide an explanation from the standpoint of national resilience, especially in the field of economic resilience. VECM analysis found that Bitcoin had a significant positive effect on Indonesia's transaction of capital in both the short and long terms Even though the magnitude of the influence of bitcoin is relatively small, it needs to watch out for macro performance through capital transactions. Qualitative data indicate that there is a change of Bitcoin function in Indonesia, from a payment method, into an instrument of investment. The finding explains that Bitcoin has the potential to weaken the resilience of the Indonesian economy through a reduction in the balance of payments, while Blockchain can be the main foundation of the financial industry revolution in Indonesia.

This study aims to identify the factors causing the poverty rate in Indonesia, both positive and negative impacts. There are three variables used in this study including HDI (Human Development Index), corruption (the amount of convicted corruption), and macro-economic indicators (inflation, GDP per capita, population).The variable of macro-economic indicators functioned as the control variable. To his study used panel data method consisting of the data from 2009 to 2013of 28 provinces in Indonesia. The model of poverty in Indonesia can be explained by Fixed Effect GLS model after passing the model selection and classic assumption collision testing. The results showed that among the three indicators, only the variable of GDP per capita having an insignificant effect on the poverty rate. Other factors have significant effects on thepoverty rate. There are two effects including positive and negative effects. The factors with the ability to reduce the poverty rate in Indonesia areHDI (greater effects in the provinces outside Sumatra and Java-Bali), inflation and population. Only the variable of corruption have a positive effect on the increasing poverty rate in Indonesia. The government needs to actively realize the alleviation of poverty program through human development in all provinces of Indonesia. ; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui factor-faktor penyebab tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia, baik dampak positif maupun negative. Terdapat tiga indicator utama yang digunakan untuk melihat seberapa besar dampak masing-masing indikator terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia. Ketiga indikator tersebut di wakili oleh variable-variabel ; IPM (Indeks Pembangunan Manusia), Korupsi (jumlah terpidana kasus korupsi) dan indicator makroekonomi (inflasi, PDRB per kapita, jumlah penduduk (sebagai variable control)). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode panel data, yang terdiri dari data tahun (2009-2013) dan data propinsi di Indonesia (28 propinsi). Model kemiskinan di Indonesia dapat dijelaskan melalui model Fixed Effect GLS setelah melalui uji pemilihan model terbaik dan uji pelanggaran asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga indikator penyebab tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia, hanya variable PDRB per kapita secara statistik tidak signifikan pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Factor-faktor lainnya dapat menjelaskan pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat kemiskinan secara signifikan. Terdapat dua pengaruh, yakni positif dan negative. Factor yang mampu menurunkan tingkat kemiskinan di propinsi-propinsi Indonesia adalah IPM (semakin besar pengaruhnya di propinsi luar Sumatera dan Jawa-Bali), inflasi dan jumlah penduduk. Hanya variable korupsi yang berdampak positif terhadap meningkatnya tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia. Perlu peran aktif pemerintah dalam mewujudkan program pengentasan kemiskinan melalui pembangunan manusia di seluruh propinsi Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the relationship and influence of social assistance on the number of poor people in Indonesia. There is a control variable as a comparison, namely; the number of people who work alone and work as laborers, central government debt and economic growth. The research method uses a quantitative approach with non-parametric statistics with annual data (2007-2017) and elasticity is used to measure the amount of change in the number of poor people due to additional social assistance. Pearson Moment Product and Rank Spearman correlation test to examine the relationship of each variable (number of people who work alone and work as laborers, central government debt and economic growth) to the number of poverty in Indonesia. The results of non-parametric statistics show that there is a very strong relationship between social assistance (National Health Insurance-Benefit Beneficiary Recipients (JKN-PBI) and Prosperous Rice (Rastra), and strong (Family Hope Program (PKH)) for the number of poor people. negative indicates that social assistance can significantly reduce the amount of poverty, with the strongest impact being the PBI program.There is a strong relationship between debt and working as a laborer on the number of poor people. The slowdown in economic growth is proven to be unrelated to the number of poor people. the biggest decrease in the number of poor people is the JKN-PBI program (-0.16), Rastra (-0.15) and PKH (-0.06). The additional employment as laborers has the highest effectiveness level of -0, 34. Government debt is needed to reduce the number of poor people by -0.16, which means that in the middle of declining oak On the other hand, the amount of poverty in Indonesia can be reduced through social assistance programs, the creation of jobs as laborers and government debt allocated to productive activities and economic activities that directly affect the poor and vulnerable to poverty. Keywords: Social assistance programs, Economics growth, Debt, Poverty, Laborers, Effectiveness Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan dan pengaruh bantuan sosial terhadap jumlah penduduk miskin di Indonesia. Terdapat variabel kontrol sebagai pembanding yaitu; jumlah orang yang bekerja sendiri dan bekerja sebagai buruh, utang pemerintah pusat dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan statistik non-parametrik, data tahunan (2007-2017) dan elastisitas digunakan untuk mengukur besaran perubahan jumlah penduduk miskin akibat tambahan bantuan sosial. Uji korelasi Pearson Moment Product dan Rank Spearman untuk menguji hubungan masing-masing variabel (jumlah orang yang bekerja sendiri dan bekerja sebagai buruh, utang pemerintah pusat dan pertumbuhan ekonomi) terhadap jumlah kemiskinan di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat antara bantuan sosial (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional-Penerima Bantuan Iuran (JKN-PBI) dan Beras Sejahtera (Rastra), dan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) terhadap jumlah penduduk miskin. Tanda negatif menunjukkan bantuan sosial dapat menurunkan jumlah kemiskinan secara signifikan, dengan dampak terkuat adalah program PBI. Terdapat hubungan kuat antara hutang dan bekerja sebagai buruh terhadap jumlah penduduk miskin. Perlambatan pertumbuhan ekonomi terbukti tidak berhubungan dengan jumlah penduduk miskin. Hasil perhitungan elastisitas menunjukkan efektifitas bantuan sosial terhadap penurunan jumlah penduduk miskin paling besar adalah program JKN-PBI (-0,16), Rastra (-0,15) dan PKH (-0,06). Tambahan lapangan kerja sebagai buruh memiliki tingkat efektifitas yang paling tinggi sebesar -0,34. Hutang pemerintah dibutuhkan untuk menekan jumlah penduduk miskin sebesar -0,16. Artinya, di tengah perlambatan ekonomi, jumlah kemiskinan di Indonesia dapat ditekan melalui program bantuan sosial, penciptaan lapangan kerja sebagai buruh dan hutang pemerintah dialokasikan untuk kegiatan produktif dan kegiatan ekonomi yang berdampak langsung kepada penduduk miskin dan rentan miskin.

This study aims to evaluate the level of satisfaction of toll road users with regard to the tariff policy set by the government about stipulating of Becakayu Toll Tariff towards the member of vehicles passing. This study uses quantitative methods that is carried out using survey technique. The instrument used to obtain data is by questionnaire distribution. The selection of sample using purposive sampling which is delivery 164 respondents. Respondents' perceptions were measured by Likert scale 1-4. Public Satisfaction Index (PSI) is calculated based on Regulation of Minister the Empowerment of State Apparaturs Number 14 year 2017 concerning Guidelines for preparing public satisfaction survey. The result show that PSI for policy of Becakayu Toll Tariff is 69.63, which include in C category (less satisfaction), this is caused by the service element which is considered to be inadequate is Cost/Tariff compared to other service elements that get the lowest interval value of 2.36 (Dissatisfied). As the result for passing the Becakayu toll public must expense more money and not comparable with the length of toll. Recommendation for this study ins Government should adjust the toll tariff by considesing the length, services quality, and publics capability, so that Becakayu toll tariff must be reduced or the length of Becakayu toll must be extended. The appropriate toll tariff range between Rp 5.000,00 to Rp 10.000,00.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kepuasan pengguna jalan tol berkaitan dengan tarif yang ditetapkan Pemerintah tentang penetapan tarif Tol Becakayu (Bekasi-Cawang-Kampung Melayu) terhadap jumlah volume kendaraan yang melintas. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik survey melalui penyebaran koesioner. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 164 responden. Persepsi responden diukur dengan menggunakan skala likert 1-4. Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat (IKM) dihitung berdasarkan Permen PAN Nomor 14 Tahun 2017 tentang Pedoman Penyusunan Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa IKM mengenai kebijakan tarif tol Becakayu sebesar 69,63 (termasuk dalam kategori nilai C atau Kurang Puas). Hal ini disebabkan oleh unsur pelayanan yang dinilai kurang baik adalah Biaya/Tarif dibanding unsur pelayanan lain yang mendapat nilai interval paling rendah yaitu 2,36 (Tidak Puas). Sehingga biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk menempuh jalan tol Becakayu dianggap terlalu mahal dan tidak sebanding dengan jarak tempuh jalan tol. Rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pemerintah harus menyesuaikan tarif tol dengan mempertimbangkan panjang tol, kualitas pelayanan serta kemampuan masyarakat sehingga tarif tol becakayu harus diturunkan atau panjang jalan tol Becakayu ditingkatkan. Kisaran harga yang dipandang sesuai adalah antara Rp 5.000,00 sampai dengan Rp. 10.000,00.Kata kunci : Evaluasi Kebijakan, Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat, Tol Becakayu, Tarif Tol

The development of the coffee business as a small and medium enterprise (SME) shows positive things with the increasing number of coffee, which means an abundance of existing coffee grounds. There is a lack of research on entrepreneur perspectives on coffee waste management. This study aims to analyze the perspective of coffee shop entrepreneurs in managing coffee waste and converting waste into alternative energy for sustainable and environmentally friendly prospects. Respondents in this study were 201 coffee shop owners in Bekasi, Indonesia, who received questionnaires using the snowball sampling technique; for data analysis, the paper used PLS-SEM. This study found that the entrepreneur perspective significantly affects coffee waste management, encouraging the sustainability of coffee shops. The results of the R-Square analysis show that coffee shop owner awareness is strongly influenced by coffee waste management knowledge (93.6%); the attitude of coffee shop owners is influenced by coffee waste management knowledge and coffee shop owner awareness (92.5%); and the coffee waste management behavior is influenced by coffee shop owner awareness and attitude of coffee shop owners (97.8%). In addition, entrepreneurs' excellent attitudes and awareness toward the potential of coffee grounds encourage them to carry out better waste management through sorting procedures to convert coffee grounds into alternative energy.
AcknowledgmentThis study is funded by the Directorate of Research and Development, Universitas Indonesia, under Hibah PUTI 2022 (Grant No. NKB-1364/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2022).

This paper aims to describe the Integrated Interdiction System's implementation in the National Narcotics Board to eradicate narcotics smuggling and illegal trafficking. Integrated Interdiction System is one of the actions included in government regulation called Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 about national action plan to prevent and eradicate narcotics abuse and illegal trafficking (P4GN) 2020-2024. The theory used is the public policy analysis theory from William N. Dunn. At the phase of policy monitoring, used the social auditing approach. This paper used qualitative descriptive methods—primary data collected from interviews with the Integrated Interdiction System's implementor in National Narcotics Board. The secondary data collected from the literature study. This study's findings are the implementation of the Integrated Interdiction System fulfills three of four policy monitoring functions. Furthermore, concerned with the social auditing approach, Integrated Interdiction System fulfills the policy process of relations among input, process, output, and outcome.

This study aims to assess the impact of the Special Autonomy Fund in Papua Province on the Human Development Index measured through the allocation of the Special Autonomy Fund in education and health. The government is trying to accelerate the development of Papua, one of which is through the Special Autonomy Fund. This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data regression, covering: 2014-2017 data in 29 districts/cities in Papua Province, each variable, namely: HDI, GRDP per Capita, Allocation of Special Autonomy Funds in Education, Allocation of Special Autonomy Funds in Health and poverty level. The results of the study concluded that the Special Autonomy Fund did not have a significant effect on increasing the Human Development Index in Papua Province in 2014-2017. Strategic efforts in development in Papua are needed not only through the distribution of the Special Autonomy Fund, but also the enhancement of the capacity of the apparatus, evaluation of the method of channelling and utilizing the Special Autonomy Fund, and other policies with a local wisdom approach.